Epidemiology of Nonfatal Deliberate Self‐Harm in the United States as Described in Three Medical Databases

Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior - Tập 36 Số 2 - Trang 192-212 - 2006
Cynthia A. Claassen1, Madhukar H. Trivedi2, Iris Shimizu3, Sunita M. Stewart2, Gregory Luke Larkin1, Toby Litovitz4
1University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2Psychiatry
3Centers for Disease Control & Prevention
4American Association of Poison Control Centers

Tóm tắt

The absence of validated U.S. rates of nonfatal suicidal behavior places risk management and injury prevention programs at danger of being poorly informed and inadequately conceptualized. In this study we compare estimated rates of intentional self‐harm from two ongoing surveys (National Electronic Injury Surveillance System‐All Injury Program‐NEISS‐AIP; National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey‐NHAMCS) to data from the Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Results suggest that, for every 2002–2003 suicide, there were 12 (NEISS‐AIP) or 15 (NHAMCS) self‐harm–related emergency department visits, and for every intentional self‐poisoning death there were 33 intentional overdoses reported to poison control centers, of which two ultimately went untreated.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

American Association of Poison Control Centers., 2001, Toxic exposure surveillance system [brochure]

10.1176/appi.ps.54.2.168

Centers forDiseaseControl andPrevention NationalCenter forHealthStatistics.(2000).NHAMCS Micro‐Data File Documentation.Retrieved July 2005 fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/ahcd/ahcd2001.htm.

Centers forDiseaseControl andPrevention NationalCenter forHealthStatistics.(2001).NHAMCS Description.Retrieved July 2005 fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/ahcd/nhamcsds.htm.

Centers forDiseaseControl andPrevention NationalCenter forHealthStatistics.(2003).Reliability of survey estimates.Retrieved November 204 fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/ahcd/reliability.htm.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics., 2004, 2003 public‐use data files [Micro‐data]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics., 2005, 2004 public‐use data files [Micro‐data]

Centers forDiseaseControl andPrevention NationalCenter forInjuryPrevention andControl.(2003).Web‐based injury statistics query and reporting system (WISQARS). Retrieved September 2004 fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars.

Centers forDiseaseControl andPrevention NationalCenter forInjuryPrevention andControl.(2004a).Definitions for WISQARS Nonfatal.Retrieved November 2005 fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars/nonfatal/definitions.htm.

Centers forDiseaseControl andPrevention NationalCenter forInjuryPrevention andControl.(2004b).Data Sources for WISQARS Nonfatal.Retrieved November 2004 from:http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars/nonfatal/datasources.htm.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Office of Statistics and Programming, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control., 2001, National estimates of nonfatal injuries treated in hospital emergency departments—United States, 2000, MMWR, 50, 340

Cherry D.(2004).Understanding and using NAMCS and NHAMCS data: A hands‐on workshop. Part II—Using raw data files.Paper presented at User's Data Conference Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics Washington DC.

10.1176/appi.ps.57.3.313

10.1136/bmj.318.7193.1225

10.1093/pubmed/fdh192

10.1136/bmj.38253.572581.7C

10.1136/bmj.322.7296.1203

10.5034/inquiryjrnl_40.4.401

Hoyert D. L., 2005, Deaths: Preliminary data for 2003, National Vital Statistics Reports, 53, 1

Ikeda R., 2001, National estimates of nonfatal injuries treated in hospital emergency departments—United States, 2000, MMWR, 50, 340

Ikeda R., 2002, Nonfatal self‐inflicted injuries treated in hospital emergency departments—United States, 2000, MMWR, 51, 20

10.1176/appi.ps.54.4.454

Kann L., 1996, Youth risk behavior surveillance—United States, 1995, MMWR, 45, 1

Kochanek K. D., 2004, Deaths: Preliminary data for 2002, National Vital Statistics Reports, 52, 1

10.2105/AJPH.85.9.1261

Langlois S., 2002, Suicide deaths and suicide attempts, Health Reports, 13, 9

Lifshitz M., 2002, Deliberate self‐poisoning in adolescents, Israel Medical Association Journal, 4, 252

10.2165/00002018-199818010-00002

10.1053/ajem.2002.34955

10.1542/peds.89.6.999

McCaig L. F., 2004, National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2002 emergency department summary, Advance Data, 340, 1

McCaig L. F. &Burt C. W.(2004b).Using National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) data for injury analysis.Paper presented at User's Data Conference Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics Washington DC.

McCaig L. F., 2005, National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2003 emergency department summary, Advance Data, 358, 1

McCaig L., 1994, Plan and operation of the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, Vital and Health Statistics—Series 1: Programs & Collection Procedures, 34, 1

McCaig L. &Woodwell D.(2004).Overview of the NAMCS and NHAMCS. Paper presented at User's Data Conference Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics Washington DC.

10.1192/bjp.150.1.78

10.1111/j.1943-278X.1989.tb00372.x

10.1017/S1041610295001931

10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70327-0

10.1192/bjp.181.3.193

Public Health Service and Health Care Financing Administration., 1998, International classification of diseases, ninth revision, clinical modification

10.1016/S0196-0644(99)70166-6

10.1016/S0196-0644(99)70166-6

Rhodes A. E., 2002, Do hospital E‐codes consistently capture suicidal behavior?, Chronic Diseases in Canada, 23, 139

10.1258/rsmmsl.43.4.315

SAS., 2001, Statistical & analytic software (Version 9.1)

Schjmidtke A., 1996, Attempted suicide in Europe: Rates, trends and sociodemographic characteristics of suicide attempters during the period 1989–1992, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 93, 327, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1996.tb10656.x

Schneider D., 1979, A reason for visit classification for ambulatory care, Vital and Health Statistics, 2, 1

10.1111/j.1553-2712.1995.tb03599.x

10.2105/AJPH.90.12.1885

10.1007/s001270170053

U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission., 2000, NEISS Expands, Consumer Product Safety Review, 5, 1

U.S. ConsumerProductSafetyCommission.(2002).National Electronic Injury Surveillance System.Retrieved July 2005 fromhttp://www.cpsc.gov/cspcpub/pubs/3002.html.

U.S. ConsumerProductSafetyCommission.(2003).NEISS coding manual.Retrieved July 2005 fromhttp://www.cpsc.gov/neiss/completemanual.pdf.

U.S. ConsumerProductSafetyCommission.(2004).National Electronic Injury Surveillance System—CPSC Document #3002.Retrieved July 2005 fromhttp://www.cspc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/3002.html.

U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Division of Hazard and Injury Data Systems., 2000, The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System: A tool for researchers.

U.S. Public Health Service., 1999, The surgeon general's call to action to prevent suicide.

Vyrostek S. B., 2004, Surveillance for fatal and nonfatal injuries—United States, 2001, MMWR Surveillance Summaries/CDC, 53, 1

Watson W. A. Litovitz T. L. Belson M. Funk A. B. Patel M. Schier J. G. et al.(2004).The Toxic Exposure Surveillance System (TESS): Risk assessment and real‐time toxicosurveillance across United States Poison Centers.Manuscript submitted for publication.

10.1016/j.ajem.2004.06.001

10.1016/S0735-6757(03)00088-3

10.1176/appi.ps.52.3.368