Environmental Conditions and Intraspecific Interference: Unexpected Effects of Turbidity on Pike (Esox lucius) Foraging

Ethology - Tập 115 Số 1 - Trang 33-38 - 2009
P. Anders Nilsson1, Lene Jacobsen1, S. Berg1, Christian Skov1
1National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU Aqua) Technical University of Denmark Silkeborg Denmark.

Tóm tắt

AbstractInterference among predators decreases per capita foraging rates and has implications for both community dynamics and top‐down trophic processes. Interference originates from behavioural interactions among foragers, and these behaviours could be affected by environmental conditions. In experiments on pike foraging alone or among conspecifics in different levels of water turbidity, we expected high turbidity to decrease the perceived risk of intraspecific interactions among pike, and thereby decrease the strength of interference, as turbidity would decrease the visual contact between individuals and act as a refuge from behavioural interactions. The results show that this is not the case, but suggest that interference is induced instead of reduced in high turbidity. Per capita foraging rates do not differ between pike foraging alone or in groups in our clear and moderately turbid treatments, indicating no effect of interference. As high turbidity enhances prey consumption for pike individuals foraging alone, but does not have this effect for pike in groups, high turbidity induces the relative interference effect. We suggest that future evaluations of the stabilizing effects of interference on community dynamics and its reduction of predation impact on top‐down trophic cascades should consider potential unexpected effects of environmental conditions.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1007/s002650050330

10.1016/0304-3800(93)90007-F

10.2307/3866

Berg S., 1998, Stocking and Introduction of Fish in Freshwater and Marine Systems, 88

10.1071/ZO05080

10.1007/BF00001160

10.1017/CBO9780511525513

10.1139/f89-201

Davies‐Colley R. J., 2003, Colour and Clarity of Natural Waters: Science and Management of Optical Water Quality

10.1007/978-1-4899-4698-0

10.1515/9780691188348

10.3354/meps277291

10.1577/1548-8659(1982)111<392:ROBTAC>2.0.CO;2

10.1139/f93-026

10.1007/978-94-015-8775-4_6

10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.01039.x

Herbert D. W. M., 1961, The effect of suspended mineral solids on the survival of trout, Int. J. Air Water Pollut, 5, 46

10.4039/Ent91293-5

10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00194.x

10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00436.x

10.1023/A:1017071602549

Krause J., 2002, Living in Groups, 10.1093/oso/9780198508175.001.0001

10.1007/s10641-004-5568-4

Maitland P. S., 1992, Freshwater Fishes

10.1577/1548-8659(1996)125<0097:DOPAHC>2.3.CO;2

New J. G., 2001, Strike feeding behavior in the muskellunge, Esox masquinongy: contributions of the lateral line and visual sensory system, J. Exp. Biol., 204, 1207, 10.1242/jeb.204.6.1207

10.1046/j.1365-2656.2001.00472.x

10.1111/j.2006.0030-1299.14555.x

10.1093/beheco/10.5.557

10.1034/j.1600-0706.2000.880310.x

10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb02189.x

10.1098/rsbl.2004.0170

10.1163/156853906777791379

10.1093/beheco/arl094

10.1017/CBO9780511806384

Raat A. J. P., 1988, Synopsis of the Biological Data on the Northern Pike, Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758

10.1006/anbe.1999.1114

10.1007/BF02530365

10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00310.x

10.1034/j.1600-0633.2002.00008.x

10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01255.x

10.1006/anbe.2000.1567

Sokal R. R., 1995, Biometry

10.1007/s00442-007-0728-9

10.1080/10236240290025644

10.1577/1548-8659(1991)120<0382:RBTPAD>2.3.CO;2

10.1139/z80-201

10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.13132.x

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Ethology

Tập 115 Số 1

33-38

Thông tin tác giả