Emotional eating across different eating disorders and the role of body mass, restriction, and binge eating

International Journal of Eating Disorders - Tập 54 Số 5 - Trang 773-784 - 2021
Julia Reichenberger1, Rebekka Schnepper1, Ann‐Kathrin Arend1, Anna Richard2, Ulrich Voderholzer3,4,2, Silke Naab2, Jens Blechert1
1Department of Psychology & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
2Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany
3Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the LMU Munich, Munich, Germany

Tóm tắt

AbstractObjective

Different subtypes of eating disorders (ED) show dysfunctional eating behaviors such as overeating and/or restriction in response to emotions. Yet, systematic comparisons of all major EDs on emotional eating patterns are lacking. Furthermore, emotional eating correlates with body mass index (BMI), which also differs between EDs and thus confounds this comparison.

Method

Interview‐diagnosed female ED patients (n = 204) with restrictive (AN‐R) or binge‐purge anorexia nervosa (AN‐BP), bulimia nervosa (BN), or binge‐eating disorder (BED) completed a questionnaire assessing “negative emotional eating” (sadness, anger, anxiety) and “happiness eating.” ED groups were compared to BMI‐matched healthy controls (HCs; n = 172 ranging from underweight to obesity) to exclude BMI as a confound.

Results

Within HCs, higher BMI was associated with higher negative emotional eating and lower happiness eating. AN‐R reported the lowest degree of negative emotional eating relative to other EDs and BMI‐matched HCs, and the highest degree of happiness eating relative to other EDs. The BN and BED groups showed higher negative emotional eating compared to BMI‐matched HCs. Patients with AN‐BP occupied an intermediate position between AN‐R and BN/BED and reported less happiness eating compared to BMI‐matched HCs.

Discussion

Negative emotional and happiness eating patterns differ across EDs. BMI‐independent emotional eating patterns distinguish ED subgroups and might be related to the occurrence of binge eating versus restriction. Hence, different types of emotional eating can represent fruitful targets for tailored psychotherapeutic interventions. While BN and BED might be treated with similar approaches, AN‐BP and AN‐R would need specific treatment modules.

Từ khóa


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International Journal of Eating Disorders

Tập 54 Số 5

773-784

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