Embryonic cardiac chamber maturation: Trabeculation, conduction, and cardiomyocyte proliferation

American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics - Tập 163 Số 3 - Trang 157-168 - 2013
Leigh Ann Samsa1, Betsy Yang2, Jiandong Liu3
1University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
2University of North Carolina
3Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Tóm tắt

AbstractCongenital heart diseases are some of the most common human birth defects. Though some congenital heart defects can be surgically corrected, treatment options for other congenital heart diseases are very limited. In many congenital heart diseases, genetic defects lead to impaired embryonic heart development or growth. One of the key development processes in cardiac development is chamber maturation, and alterations in this maturation process can manifest as a variety of congenital defects including non‐compaction, systolic dysfunction, diastolic dysfunction, and arrhythmia. During development, to meet the increasing metabolic demands of the developing embryo, the myocardial wall undergoes extensive remodeling characterized by the formation of muscular luminal protrusions called cardiac trabeculae, increased cardiomyocyte mass, and development of the ventricular conduction system. Though the basic morphological and cytological changes involved in early heart development are clear, much remains unknown about the complex biomolecular mechanisms governing chamber maturation. In this review, we highlight evidence suggesting that a wide variety of basic signaling pathways and biomechanical forces are involved in cardiac wall maturation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics

Tập 163 Số 3

157-168

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