Electronic structure of the Zn(O,S)/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂thin-film solar cell interface

Solar Frontier Achieves World Record Thin-Film Solar Cell Efficiency: 22.3% http://www.solar-frontier.com/eng/news/2015/C051171.html

Jackson, 2014, Properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with new record efficiencies up to 21.7%, Physica Status Solidi Rapid Research Letters, 9, 28, 10.1002/pssr.201409520

ZSW raises efficiency of cadmium-free CIGS solar cells to record 21% http://www.semiconductortoday.com/news_items/2015/feb/zsw_250215.shtml

Contreras MA Nakada T Hongo M Pudov OA Sites JR ZnO/ZnS(O,OH)/Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 /Mo solar cell with 18.6% efficiency Proceedings of 3 rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 2003

Hariskos, 2012, New reaction kinetics for a high-rate chemical bath deposition of the Zn(S,O) buffer layer for Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based solar cells, Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 20, 534, 10.1002/pip.1244

Klenk, 2014, Junction formation by Zn(O,S) sputtering yields CIGSe-based cells with efficiencies exceeding 18%, Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 22, 161, 10.1002/pip.2445

Bär, 2006, The electronic structure of the [Zn(S,O)/ZnS]/CuInS2 heterointerface - impact of post-annealing, Chemical Physics Letters, 433, 71, 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.11.022

Grimm, 2010, Sputtered Zn(O,S) for junction formation in chalcopyrite-based thin film solar cells, Physical Status Solidi RRL, 4, 109, 10.1002/p22r.201004083

Kieven, 2012, Band alignment at the sputtered ZnSxO1 − x/Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 heterojunctions, Physical Status Solidi RRL, 6, 294, 10.1002/pssr.201206195

Pankow JW Steirer KW Mansfield LM Garris RL Ramanathan K Teeter GR Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC), 2014 IEEE 40 th 2014 10.1109/PVSC.2014.6925240

Terada, 2014, Characterization of electronic structure of oxysulfide buffers and band alignment at buffer/absorber interfaces in Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based solar cells, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 53, 05W09-1, 10.7567/JJAP.53.05FW09

Morkel, 2001, Flat conduction-band alignment at the CdS/CuInSe2 thin-film solar-cell heterojunction, Applied Physics Letters, 79, 4482, 10.1063/1.1428408

Weinhardt L Morkel M Gleim T Zweigart S Niesen T.P Karg F Heske C Umbach E. Band alignment at the CdS/CuIn(S,Se) 2 heterojunction in thin film solar cells Proceedings 17 th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference 2001

Weinhardt L Fuchs O Groβ D Storch G Dhere NG Kadam AA Kulkarni SS Visbeck S Niesen TP Karg F Heske C Umbach E Comparison of band alignments at various CdS/Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 interfaces in thin film solar cells Conference Record of the 2006 IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 2006

Weinhardt, 2005, Band alignment at the CdS∕Cu(In,Ga)S2 interface in thin-film solar cells, Applied Physics Letters, 86, 062109, 10.1063/1.1861958

Hervé, 1994, General relation between refractive index and energy gap in semiconductors, Infrared Physics Technology, 35, 609, 10.1016/1350-4495(94)90026-4

Srikant, 1998, On the optical band gap of zinc oxide, Journal of Applied Physics, 83, 5447, 10.1063/1.367375

Eicke, 2013, Depth profiling with SNMS and SIMS of Zn(O,S) buffer layers for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cells, Surface and Interface Analysis, 45, 1811, 10.1002/sia.5325

Platzer-Björkman, 2006, Zn(O,S) buffer layers by atomic layer deposition in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 based thin film solar cells: band alignment and sulfur gradient, Journal of Applied Physics, 100, 044506, 10.1063/1.2222067

Meyer, 2004, Structural properties and bandgap bowing of ZnO1 − xSx thin films deposited by reactive sputtering, Applied Physics Letters, 85, 4929, 10.1063/1.1825053

De Melo, 1994, Low resistivity cubic phase CdS films by chemical bath deposition technique, Applied Physics Letters, 65, 1278, 10.1063/1.112094

Contreras, 1999, Progress toward 20% efficiency in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 polycrystalline thin-film solar cells, Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 7, 311, 10.1002/(SICI)1099-159X(199907/08)7:4<311::AID-PIP274>3.0.CO;2-G

Ramanathan K Mann J Glynn S Christensen S Pankow J Li J Scharf J Mansfield L Contreras M Noufi R A comparative study of Zn(O,S) buffer layers and CIGS solar cells fabricated by CBD, ALD, and sputtering 2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) 2012 10.1109/PVSC.2012.6317918

1990, Practical Surface Analysis, 2nd Edition, vol I, Auger and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Weinhardt, 2004, Band alignment at the i-ZnO/CdS interface in Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 thin-film solar cells, Applied Physics Letters, 84, 3175, 10.1063/1.1704877

Duchoslav, 2014, XPS study of zinc hydroxide as a potential corrosion product of zinc: rapid X-ray induced conversion into zinc oxide, Corrosion Science, 82, 356, 10.1016/j.corsci.2014.01.037

Reichardt, 2005, Inducing and monitoring photoelectrochemical reactions at surfaces and buried interfaces in Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 thin film solar cells, Applied Physics Letters, 86, 172102, 10.1063/1.1906309

Wojdyr, 2010, Fityk: a general-purpose peak fitting program, Journal of Applied Crystallography, 43, 1126, 10.1107/S0021889810030499

Denninger, 1979, A VUV isochromat spectrometer for surface analysis, Applied Physics, 18, 375, 10.1007/BF00899691

Gleim, 2003, Formation of the ZnSe/(Te/)GaAs(1 0 0) heterojunction, Surface Science, 531, 77, 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00439-4

1992, Handbook of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Deroubaix, 1992, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of copper and zinc oxides and sulphides, Surface and Interface Analysis, 18, 39, 10.1002/sia.740180107

Weinhardt, 2003, Impact of Cd2+-treatment on the band alignment at the ILGAR-ZnO/CuIn(S,Se)2 heterojunction, Thin Solid Films, 431-432, 272, 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00270-0

Bär, 2009, Chemical and electronic surface structure of 20%-efficient Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cell absorbers, Applied Physics Letters, 95, 052106, 10.1063/1.3194153

Bär, 2008, Depth-resolved band gap in Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 thin films, Applied Physics Letters, 93, 244103, 10.1063/1.3046780

Horsley K Pookpanratana S Krause S Hofmann T Blum M Weinhardt L Bär M George K Van Duren J Jackrel D Heske C Electronic and chemical properties of non-vacuum deposited chalcopyrite solar cells Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), 2011 37th IEEE 2011 10.1109/PVSC.2011.6185972

Niemegeers, 1995, On the CdS/CuInSe2 conduction band discontinuity, Applied Physics Letters, 67, 843, 10.1063/1.115523

Xiaoxiang, 1996, Calculated effect of conduction-band offset on CuInSe2 solar-cell performance, AIP Conference Proceedings, 353, 444, 10.1063/1.49373

Wei, 1993, Band offsets at the CdS/CuInSe2 heterojunction, Applied Physics Letters, 63, 2549, 10.1063/1.110429