Ảnh hưởng của việc phân nhóm học sinh đến định hướng động lực và hành vi tìm kiếm sự trợ giúp của học sinh tiểu học trong lớp toán

Social Psychology of Education - Tập 11 - Trang 5-23 - 2007
Ruth Butler1
1School of Education, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

Tóm tắt

Tác giả đã suy diễn từ cả lý thuyết mục tiêu thành tích và lý thuyết nhóm tham khảo để dự đoán rằng so với môi trường không phân nhóm, việc phân nhóm (a) làm nổi bật tầm quan trọng của khả năng tương đối với người khác và do đó sẽ gia tăng định hướng cái tôi và sự miễn cưỡng của học sinh trong việc hỏi giáo viên để được giúp đỡ, và (b) tạo ra các bối cảnh khác nhau cho việc so sánh xã hội và do đó sẽ làm suy giảm hành vi tìm kiếm sự trợ giúp ở những học sinh có thành tích cao nhưng có thể tăng cường hành vi này ở những học sinh có thành tích thấp. Một nghiên cứu bán thực nghiệm đã so sánh học sinh từ 10–12 tuổi tại các trường tiểu học mà ở đó chỉ phân nhóm học sinh trong môn toán (N = 337) hoặc không phân nhóm học sinh trong bất kỳ môn học nào (N = 594). Các học sinh đã hoàn thành các thang đo tự báo cáo về mục tiêu thành tích và hành vi tìm kiếm sự trợ giúp trong lớp toán. Kết quả xác nhận rằng, ở tất cả các mức độ khả năng, việc phân nhóm đã gia tăng mục tiêu cái tôi và mục tiêu né tránh công việc mà không ảnh hưởng đến mục tiêu nhiệm vụ. Việc phân nhóm đã làm suy giảm hành vi tìm kiếm sự trợ giúp ở những học sinh có thành tích cao, nhưng không làm tăng hành vi tìm kiếm sự trợ giúp ở những học sinh có thành tích thấp. Ngoài việc tiết lộ một số chi phí chưa được nghiên cứu của việc phân nhóm, các kết quả nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của việc xem xét các thực hành phân nhóm trong nghiên cứu về động lực học sinh và các chiến lược, cũng như việc áp dụng lý thuyết và nghiên cứu về động lực học sinh để hiểu những ảnh hưởng của việc phân nhóm.

Từ khóa

#phân nhóm học sinh #động lực học sinh #hành vi tìm kiếm sự trợ giúp #lý thuyết mục tiêu thành tích #so sánh xã hội

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