Effects of mechanical activation on structure and photocatalytic properties of ZnO powders

Central European Journal of Chemistry - Tập 11 - Trang 1780-1785 - 2013
Maria N. Gancheva1, Reni S. Iordanova1, Yanko B. Dimitriev2, Georgi V. Avdeev3, Tzvetoslav Ch. Iliev4
1Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
2University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Bulgaria
3Rostislaw Kaischew Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
4Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria

Tóm tắt

Zinc oxide (ZnO) was mechanically activated in air using a planetary ball mill using varying milling speeds and time. The obtained samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis diffusion reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the mechanically treated ZnO powders were investigated in the reaction of Malachite Green (MG) degradation in aqueous solution under UV-light irradiation. A decrease in the crystallite size (from 90 to 10 nm) accompanied by an increase of microstrains and lattice parameters were established applying different milling speeds. The agglomeration of the particles was observed by SEM analysis. The absorption spectra of the initial and mechanically activated ZnO samples show shifting of the band position from 360 to 330 nm, which can be related to decrease in the crystalline size. The ZnO powders activated at lower milling speeds (for shorter time intervals) exhibit highest photocatalytic activity.

Tài liệu tham khảo

P. Bytiagin, Russ. Chem. Rev. 63, 1031 (1994) V.V. Boldyrer, Russ. Chem. Rev. 75, 203 (2006) V.V. Zyryanov, Russ. Chem. Rev. 77, 105 (2008) P.G. McCormick, F. H. Froes, JOM 61, (1998) I. Chicinas, J. Optoelect. Advan. Mater. 8, 439 (2006) J.K. Gupta, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73, 1817 (1990) J.H. Lim, C.K. Kang, K.K. Kim, I.K. Park, D.K. Hwang, S.J. Park, Adv. Mater. 18, 2720 (2006) A. Mitra, R.K. Thareja, V. Ganesan, A. Gupta, R.K. Sahoo, V.N. Kulkarni, Appl. Sur. Sci. 174, 232 (2001) T. Gao, T.H. Wang, Appl. Phys. A80, 1451 (2005) Y. Jang, C. Simer, T. Ohm, Mater. Res. Bull. 41, 67 (2006) K. Takanezawa, K. Hirota, Q.S. Wei, K. Tajima, K. Hashimoto, J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 7218 (2007) B. Wang, W. Feng, M. Wang, T. Wang, Y. Gu, M. Zhu, H. Ouyang, J. Shi, F. Zhang, Y. Zhao, Z. Chai, H. Wang, J. Wang, J. Nanopart. Res. 10, 263 (2008) A. Stoyanova, Y. Dimitriev, A. Shalaby, A. Bachvarova-Nedelcheva, R. Iordanova, M. Sredkova, Journal of Optoelectronic and Biomedical Materials 3(1), 24 (2011) C. Shifu, Z. Wei, L. Wei, Z. Sujuan, Appl. Sur. Sci. 255, 2478 (2008) A. Dodd, A. McKinley, T. Tsuzuki, M. Sauders, J. Alloys Compd. 489, L17 (2010) N.G. Kakazey, T.V. Speckovic, M.M. Ristic, J. Mater. Sci. 32, 4619 (1997) M.G. Kakazey, V.A. Melnikova, T. Speckovic, T.V. Tomila, M.M. Ristic, J. Mater. Sci. 34, 1691 (1999) L.C. Damonte, L.A. Mendoza Zelis, B. Mari Soucase, M.A. Hernandez-Fenollosa, Powder Technol. 148, 15 (2004) O.M. Lemine, A. Alyamani, M. Bououdina, Inter J. Nanotech. Appl. 2, 161 (2008) S. Dutta, S. Chattopadhyay, D. Jana, A. Banerjee, S. Manik, S.K. Pradhan, M. Sutradhar, A. Sarkar, J. Appl. Phys. 100, 114328 (2006) S. Dhara, P.K. Ciri, Appl. Nanosci. 1, 165 (2011) K. Vojisavljevic, M. Scepanovic, T. Sreckovic, M. Grujic-Brojcin, Z. Brankovic, G. Brankovic, J. Phys. Condens. Matter. 20, 47202 (2008) L.C. Damonte, V. Donderis, M. Hernăndez-Fenollosa, J Alloys Compd. 483, 442 (2009) L.C. Damonte, M. Hernăndez-Fenollosa, B. Mari, J Alloys Compd. 434-435, 813 (2007) P.K. Giri, S. Bhattacharyya, D.K. Singh, R. Kesavamoorthy, B.K. Panigrahi, K.G.M. Nair, J. Appl. Phys. 102, 93515 (2007) N. Salah, S.S. Habib, Z. H. Khan, A. Memic, A. Azam, E. Alafaj, N. Zahed, S. Al-Hamedi, Inter. J. Nanomedicine 6, 863 (2011) H.L. Castricum, H. Bakker, E.K. Poels, Mater. Sci. Engin. A 304-306, 418 (2001) H.M. Deng, J. Ding, Y. Shi, X.Y. Liu, J. Wang, J. Mater. Sci. 36, 3273 (2001) T. Sreckovic, S. Bernik, M. Ceh, K. Vojisavljevic, J. Microscopy 232, 639 (2008) O.M. Lemine, M.A. Louly, A.M. Al-Ahmari, Inter. J. Phys. Sci. 5, 2721 (2010) A. Clushenkov, Y. Chen, Mater. Forum 30, 1 (2006) K. Park, J.S. Lee, M.Y. Sung, S. Kim, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 41, 7317 (2002) M.E. Maroz, S.V. Bogdanov, V.I. Zajkovski, V.V. Molchanov, P.A. Byianov, Kinetika and Kataliz 30, 993 (1989) (in Russian) V.V. Molchanov, R.A. Buyanov, S.V. Tsybulya, G.H. Kryukova, A.N. Shmakov, A.I. Boronin, A.M. Volodin, Kinetika and Kataliz 45, 724 (2004) (in Russian) J. Wang, J.F. Lu, Q.W. Zhang, S. Yin, T. Sato, F. Saito, Chem. Sust. Devel. 15, 249 (2007) S. Suwanboon, P. Amornpitoksuk, P. Bangrak, Ceram. Int. 37, 333 (2011) S. Bernic, G. Brankovic, S. Rustja, M. Zunic, M. Podlogar, Z. Brankovic, Ceram. Int. 34, 1495 (2008) J. Birkenstock, R. X. Fischer, T. Messner, BRASS 1.0 beta: The Bremen Rietveld Analysis and Structure Suite. Zentrallabor fur Kristallographie und Angewandte Materialwissenschaften, Fachbereich Geowissenschaften(University of Bremen, Bremen, 2003) M. Mancheva, R. Iordanova, Y. Dimitriev, J. Alloys Compd. 509, 15 (2011) Y. Dimitriev, M. Gancheva, R. Iordanova, J. Alloys Compd. 519, 161 (2012)