Effects of different running intensities on the micro-level failure strain of rat femoral cortical bone structures: a finite element investigation
Tóm tắt
Running with the appropriate intensity may produce a positive influence on the mechanical properties of cortical bone structure. However, few studies have discussed the effects of different running intensities on the mechanical properties at different levels, especially at the micro-level, because the micromechanical parameters are difficult to measure experimentally. An approach that combines finite element analysis and experimental data was proposed to predict a micromechanical parameter in the rat femoral cortical bone structure, namely, the micro-level failure strain. Based on the previous three-point bending experimental information, fracture simulations were performed on the femur finite element models to predict their failure process under the same bending load, and the micro-level failure strains in tension and compression of these models were back-calculated by fitting the experimental load–displacement curves. Then, the effects of different running intensities on the micro-level failure strain of rat femoral cortical bone structure were investigated. The micro-level failure strains of the cortical bone structures expressed statistical variations under different running intensities, which indicated that different mechanical stimuli of running had significant influences on the micromechanical properties. The greatest failure strain occurred in the cortical bone structure under low-intensity running, and the lowest failure strain occurred in the structure under high-intensity running. Moderate and low-intensity running were effective in enhancing the micromechanical properties, whereas high-intensity running led to the weakening of the micromechanical properties of cortical bone. Based on these, the changing trends in the micromechanical properties were exhibited, and the effects of different running intensities on the fracture performance of rat cortical bone structures could be discussed in combination with the known mechanical parameters at the macro- and nano-levels, which provided the theoretical basis for reducing fracture incidence through running exercise.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Li JW, Gong H. Fatigue behavior of cortical bone: a review. Acta Mech Sin. 2020;37(3):516–26.
Bowman L, Loucks AB. In vivo assessment of cortical bone fragility. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2020;18(1):13–22.
Tarantino U, Rao C, Tempesta V, Gasbarra E, Feola M. Hip fractures in the elderly: the role of cortical bone. Injury. 2017;47(S4):107–11.
Tamakoshi K, Nishii Y, Minematsu A. Upward running is more beneficial than level surface or downslope running in reverting tibia bone degeneration in ovariectomized rats. J Musculoskel Neuron. 2018;18(4):493–500.
Berman AG, Hinton MJ, Wallace JM. Treadmill running and targeted tibial loading differentially improve bone mass in mice. Bone Rep. 2019;10: 100195.
George D, Pallu S, Bourzac C, Wazzani R, Allena R, Remond Y, Portier H. Prediction of cortical bone thickness variations in the tibial diaphysis of running rats. Life Basel. 2022;12(2):233.
Saers JPP, DeMars LJ, Stephens NB, Jashashvili T, Carlson KJ, Gordon AD, Shaw CN, Ryan TM, Stock JT. Combinations of trabecular and cortical bone properties distinguish various loading modalities between athletes and controls. AM J Phys Anthropol. 2021;174(3):434–50.
Iwamoto J, Takeda T, Sato Y. Effect of treadmill exercise on bone mass in female rats. Exp Anim. 2005;54(1):1–6.
Scott JM, Swallow EA, Metzger CE, Kohler R, Wallace JM, Stacy AJ, Allen MR, Gasier HG. Iron deficiency and high-intensity running interval training do not impact femoral or tibial bone in young female rats. Brit J Nutr. 2022;128(8):1518–25.
Li Z, Liu SY, Xu L, Xu SY, Ni GX. Effects of treadmill running with different intensity on rat subchondral bone. Sci Rep. 2017;7:1977.
Suominen TH, Korhonen MT, Alen M, Heinonen A, Mero A, Tormakangas T, Suominen H. Effects of a 20-week high-intensity strength and sprint training program on tibial bone structure and strength in middle-aged and older male sprint athletes: a randomized controlled trial. Osteoporosis Int. 2017;28(9):2663–73.
Fang J, Gao JZ, Gong H, Zhang TL, Zhang R, Zhan BC. Multiscale experimental study on the effects of different weight-bearing levels during moderate treadmill exercise on bone quality in growing female rats. Biomed Eng Online. 2019;18:33.
Milovanovic P, Rakocevic Z, Djonic D, Zivkovic V, Hahn M, Nikolic S, Amling M, Busse B, Djuric M. Nano-structural, compositional and micro-architectural signs of cortical bone fragility at the superolateral femoral neck in elderly hip fracture patients vs. healthy aged controls. Exp Gerontol. 2014;55:19–28.
Fan RX, Liu J, Jia ZB. Biomechanical evaluation of different strain judging criteria on the prediction precision of cortical bone fracture simulation under compression. Front Bioeng Biotech. 2023;11:1168783.
Chappard D, Basle MF, Legrand E, Audran M. New laboratory tools in the assessment of bone quality. Osteoporosis Int. 2011;22(8):2225–40.
Mendu K, Kataruka A, Puthuvelil J, Akono AT. Fragility assessment of bovine cortical bone using scratch tests. J Vis Exp. 2017;129: e56488.
Deuerling JM, Yue WM, Orias AAE, Roeder RK. Specimen-specific multi-scale model for the anisotropic elastic constants of human cortical bone. J Biomech. 2009;42(13):2061–7.
Kraiem T, Barkaoui A, Merzouki T, Chafra M. Computational approach of the cortical bone mechanical behavior based on an elastic viscoplastic damageable constitutive model. Int J Appl Mech. 2020;12(7):2050081.
Najafi AR, Arshi AR, Eslami MR, Fariborz S, Moeinzadeh MH. Micromechanics fracture in osteonal cortical bone: a study of the interactions between microcrack propagation, microstructure and the material properties. J Biomech. 2007;40(12):2788–95.
Zhang R, Gong H, Zhu D, Ma RS, Fang J, Fan YB. Multi-level femoral morphology and mechanical properties of rats of different ages. Bone. 2015;76:76–87.
Zhang M, Gong H. Translation of engineering to medicine: a focus on finite element analysis. J Orthop Transl. 2020;20(S1):1–2.
Liu ZH, Gao JZ, Gong H. Effects of treadmill with different intensities on bone quality and muscle properties in adult rats. Biomed Eng Online. 2019;18:107.
Khor F, Cronin DS, Watson B. Importance of asymmetry and anisotropy in predicting cortical bone response and fracture using human body model femur in three-point bending and axial rotation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2018;87:213–29.
Dapaah D, Badaoui R, Bahmani A, Montesano J, Willett T. Modelling the micro-damage process zone during cortical bone fracture. Eng Fract Mech. 2020;224: 106811.
PinNg T, Koloor SSR, Djuansjah JRP, AbdulKadir MR. Assessment of compressive failure process of cortical bone materials using damage-based model. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2017;66:1–11.
Zhang TL, Gao JZ, Fang J, Gong H. Multiscale investigation on the effects of additional weight bearing in combination with low-magnitude high-frequency vibration on bone quality of growing female rats. J Bone Miner Metab. 2018;36(2):157–69.
Maghami E, Moore JP, Josephson TO, Najafi AR. Damage analysis of human cortical bone under compressive and tensile loadings. Comput Method Biomec. 2022;25(3):342–57.
Zhang GJ, Xu SY, Yang J, Guan FJ, Cao LB, Mao HJ. Combining specimen-specific finite-element models and optimization in cortical-bone material characterization improves prediction accuracy in three-point bending tests. J Biomech. 2018;76:103–11.
Cai XR, Follet H, Peralta L, Gardegaront M, Farlay D, Gauthier R, Yu BL, Gineyts E, Olivier C, Langer M, Gourrier A, Mitton D, Peyrin F, Grimal Q, Laugier P. Anisotropic elastic properties of human femoral cortical bone and relationships with composition and microstructure in elderly. Acta Biomater. 2019;90:254–66.
Fan RX, Liu J, Jia ZB. Effects of different numerical methods on the fracture prediction accuracy for cortical bone structure under bending load. Appl Sci Basel. 2023;13:3998.
Cluzel C, Allena R. Modelling of anisotropic cortical bone based on degradation mechanism. Comput Method Biomec. 2015;18(S1):1914–5.
Kumar A, Shitole P, Ghosh R, Kumar R, Gupta A. Experimental and numerical comparisons between finite element method, element-free Galerkin method, and extended finite element method predicted stress intensity factor and energy release rate of cortical bone considering anisotropic bone modelling. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2022;233(8):823–38.
Gaziano P, Falcinelli C, Vairo G. A computational insight on damage-based constitutive modelling in femur mechanics. Eur J Mech A Solids. 2022;93: 104538.
Gao X, Chen MH, Yang XG, Harper L, Ahmed I, Lu JW. Simulating damage onset and evolution in fully bio-resorbable composite under three-point bending. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2018;81:72–82.
Kumar A, Ghosh R. A review on experimental and numerical investigations of cortical bone fracture. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2022;236(3):297–319.
Li S, Demirci E, Silberschmidt VV. Variability and anisotropy of mechanical behavior of cortical bone in tension and compression. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2013;21:109–20.
Fan RX, Gong H, Zhang R, Gao JZ, Jia ZB, Hu YJ. Quantification of age-related tissue-level failure strains of rat femoral cortical bones using an approach combining macrocompressive test and microfinite element analysis. J Biomech Eng. 2016;138: 041006.
Yang HS, Butz KD, Duffy D, Niebur GL, Nauman EA, Main RP. Characterization of cancellous and cortical bone strain in the in vivo mouse tibial loading model using microCT-based finite element analysis. Bone. 2014;66:131–9.