Effects of blood-flow restricted exercise versus conventional resistance training in musculoskeletal disorders—a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation - Tập 15 - Trang 1-14 - 2023
Stian Langgård Jørgensen1,2,3, Signe Kierkegaard-Brøchner2,3, Marie Bagger Bohn2, Mathias Høgsholt1,2, Per Aagaard4, Inger Mechlenburg3,5,6
1Department of Occupational and Physical Therapy, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark
2H-HIP, Department of Occupational and Physical Therapy and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark
3Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
4Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
5Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
6Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

Tóm tắt

To compare the effect of low-load blood flow restricted resistance training (BFR-RT) versus high-load resistance training (HL-RT) on muscle strength, muscle mass, physical function, patient-reported outcomes, and adherence to training in clinical musculoskeletal populations. Web of Science, Cochrane Central, Medline, Embase, SportDiscus was searched on the 30th May 2022. This study was conducted as a systematic review and meta-analysis. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) were included if they (i) included patients, (ii) comprised of a BFR-RT intervention protocol and a group who performed HL-RT (≥ 70%1RM) for at least eight exercise sessions, and (iii) involved at least 1 exercise that targeted the lower limbs. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. The meta-analyses were performed using a random effects model with an adjustment to the confidence interval. Seven RCTs comprising 303 participants (BFR-RT: n = 151; HL-RT: n = 152) were identified. HL-RT and BFR-RT showed similar gains in dynamic (1-10RM) knee extensor strength and leg press strength, quadriceps cross sectional area, sit-to-stand performance, and patient reported pain and function. There was a moderate effect favoring BFR-RT for increasing maximal isometric knee extensor strength. The grading of certainty in evidence was low-to-very low for all outcome variables. This systematic review and meta-analysis extends our current knowledge about BFR-RT and HL-RT as equally effective exercise methods for inducing gains in maximal muscle strength in healthy populations, by now also comprising patients suffering from various clinical musculoskeletal conditions. The certainty in the estimates was low-to-very low, prompting the inclusion of future higher-quality trials. PROSPERO ID (CRD42022337173). Registered June 18th 2022.

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