Effects of Students’ Grade Level, Gender, and Form of Bullying Victimization on Coping Strategy Effectiveness

Charisse L. Nixon1, Dharma Jairam2, Stan Davis3, Christine A. Linkie4, Seria Shia J. Chatters5, James J. Hodge6
1Pennsylvania Aggression Reduction Center (PARC), Penn State Behrend, Erie, USA
2Morningside College, Sioux City, USA
3Wayne, USA
4Texas Woman’s University, Denton, USA
5Penn State University, State College, USA
6Center for Community Outreach, Research and Evaluation (CORE), Penn State Behrend, Erie, USA

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Baldry, A. C., & Farrington, D. P. (2007). Effectiveness of programs to prevent school bullying. Victims and Offenders, 2, 183–204.

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

Barzilay, S., Klomek, A. B., Apter, A., Carli, V., Wasserman, C., Hadlaczky, G., et al. (2017). Bullying victimization and suicide ideation and behavior among adolescents in Europe: a 10-country study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 61, 179–186.

Black, S., Weinles, D., & Washington, E. (2010). Victim strategies to stop bullying. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 8(2), 138–147.

Bradbury, S. L., Dubow, E. F., & Domoff, S. E. (2018). How do adolescents learn cyber-victimization coping skills? An examination of parent and peer coping socialization. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 47, 1866–1879.

Camodeca, M., & Goossens, F. A. (2005). Children’s opinions on effective strategies to cope with bullying: the importance of bullying role and perspective. Educational Research, 47(1), 93–105.

Campbell, L., Martin, R. A., & Ward, J. R. (2008). An observational study of humor use while resolving conflict in dating couples. Personal Relationships, 15, 41–55.

Carney, J. V. (2008). Perceptions of bullying and associated trauma during adolescence. Professional School Counseling, 11, 179–188.

Cassidy, T., & Taylor, L. (2001). Bullying, coping and psychological distress in older children. Poster session presented at the British Psychological Society Centenary annual conference. Glasgow: SECC.

Craig, W., Pepler, D., & Blais, J. (2007). Responding to bullying. What works. School Psychology International, 28, 465–477.

Crick, N. R. (1997). Engagement in sex normative versus non-normative forms of aggression: links to social-psychological adjustment. Developmental Psychology, 33, 610–617.

Crick, N. R., & Bigbee, M. A. (1998). Relational and overt forms of peer victimization: a multi-informant approach. Journal of Consulting Clinical Psychology, 66, 337–347.

Davidson, L., & Kilpatrick-Demaray, M. (2007). Social support as a moderator between victimization and internalizing-externalizing distress from bullying. School Psychology Review, 36, 383–405.

Davis, S. M., & Nixon, C. (2014). Youth voice project: student insights into bullying and peer mistreatment. Research Press Publishers.

Eder, D. (1998). Developing adolescent peer culture through collaborative narration. In S. M. Hoyle & C. T. Adger (Eds.), Kids talk: strategic language use in later childhood (pp. 82–95). New York: Oxford University Press.

Espelage, D. L., Low, S. K., & Jimerson, S. R. (2014). Understanding school climate, aggression, peer victimization, and bully perpetration: contemporary science, practice, and policy. School Psychology Quarterly, 29(3), 233–237.

Evans, C. B. R., Fraser, M. W., & Cotter, K. L. (2014). The effectiveness of school-based bullying prevention programs: a systematic review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19, 532–544.

Evans, C. B. R., Cotter, K. L., & Smokowski, P. R. (2017). Giving victims of bullying a voice: a qualitative study of post bullying reactions and coping strategies. Journal of Child and Adolescent Social Work, 34, 543–555.

Finkelhor, D., Turner, H. A., & Hamby, S. (2012). Let’s prevent peer victimization, not just bullying. Child Abuse and Neglect, 36(4), 271–274.

Frisen, A., Hasselblad, T., & Holmqvist, K. (2012). What actually makes bullying stop: reports from former victims. Journal of Adolescence, 35, 981–990.

Fisher, B. W., Gardella, J. H., & Teurbe-Tolan, A. R. (2016). Peer cybervictimization among adolescents and the associated internalizing and externalizing problems: A meta-analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45(9), 1727–1743.

Gaffney, H., Ttofi, M., & Farrington, D. (2018). Evaluating the effectiveness of school-bullying prevention programs: An updated meta-analytical review. Aggression and Violent Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2018.07.001

Gilligan, C. (1982). In a different voice: psychological theory and women’s development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Gladden, R. M., Vivolo-Kantor, A. M., Hamburger, M. E., & Lumpkin, C. D. (2014). Bullying surveillance among youths: Uniform definitions for public health and recommended data elements, Version 1.0. Atlanta,GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and U.S. Depart of Education.

Granello, D., & Wheaton, J. (2004). On-line data collection: Strategies for research. Journal of Counseling & Development, 82, 387–393.

Hartley, M. T., Bauman, S., Nixon, C. L., & Davis, S. (2017). Responding to bullying victimization: comparative analysis of victimized students in general and special education. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 28(2), 77–89.

Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2010). Bullying, cyberbullying, and suicide. Archives of Suicide Research, 14(3), 206–221.

Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2015). Bullying beyond the schoolyard: preventing and responding to cyberbullying (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Hodges, E. V., Boivin, M., Vitaro, F., & Bukowski, W. M. (1999). The power of friendship: protection against an escalating cycle of peer victimization. Developmental Psychology, 35, 94–101.

Hong, J. S., & Espelage, D. L. (2012). A review of research on bullying and peer victimization in school: an ecological system analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(4), 311–322.

Hunter, S. C., & Boyle, J. M. E. (2004). Appraisal and coping strategy use in victims of school bullying. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 74, 83–107.

Hunter, S. C., Mora-Merchan, J., & Ortega, R. (2004). The long-term effects of coping strategy use in victims of bullying. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 7, 3–12.

Juvonen, J., & Graham, S. (2001). Peer harassment in school: the plight of the vulnerable and victimized. New York: Guilford.

Kann, L., McManus, T., Harris, W. A., Shanklin, S. L., Flint, K. H., Queen, B. ...Ethier, K. A. (2018). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance – United States, 2017. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 67(8), 1–114.

Klein, D. N., & Kuiper, N. A. (2006). Humor styles, peer relationships, and bullying in middle childhood. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 19(4), 383–404.

Kochenderfer-Ladd, B., & Skinner, K. (2002). Children’s coping strategies. Moderators of the effects of peer victimization. Developmental Psychology, 38(2), 267–278.

Kristensen, S. M., & Smith, P. K. (2003). The use of coping strategies by Danish children classed as bullies, victims, bully/victims, and not involved, in response to different (hypothetical) types of bullying. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 44, 479–488.

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer-Verlag.

Lerner, R. M., Lerner, J. V., Bowers, E. P., & Geldhof, G. H. (2015). Positive youth development and relational-developmental-systems. In W. Overton, F. Willis, P. Molenaar, & R. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science: theory and method (7th ed) (Vol. 1, pp. 607–651). Hoboken: Wiley.

Mahady-Wilton, M., Craig, W., & Pepler, D. J. (2000). Emotional regulation and display in classroom victims of bullying: characteristic expressions of affect, coping styles and relevant contextual factors. Social Development, 9(2), 226–245.

McDonald, C. D., D’Amico, L., & O’Laughlin, E. M. (2000). Relational aggression and victimization in middle-school students. Paper presented at the 2000 biennial meeting of the conferences of human development, Memphis, TN.

McGhee, P. E. (1974). Cognitive mastery and children’s humor. Psychological Bulletin, 81, 721–730.

Mendez, J. J., Bauman, S., Sulkowski, M. l., Davis, S., & Nixon, C. (2016). Racially-focused peer victimization: prevalence, psychosocial impacts, and the influence of coping strategies. Psychology of Violence, 6(1), 103–111.

Moore, S. E., Norman, R. E., Suetani, S., Thomas, H. J., Sly, P. D., & Scott, J. G. (2017). Consequences of bullying victimization in childhood and adolescence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World Journal of Psychiatry, 7(1), 60–76.

Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M., Pilla, R. S., Ruan, J., Simons-Morton, B., & Scheidt, P. (2001). Bullying behaviors among U.S. youth: prevalence and association with psychosocial adjustment. Journal of the American Medical Association, 285, 2094–2100.

Nansel, T. R., Craig, W., Overpeck, M. D., Saluja, G., & Ruan, W. J. (2004). Cross-national consistency in the relationship between bullying behaviors and psychosocial adjustment. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 158(8), 730–736.

Naylor, P., & Cowie, H. (1999). The effectiveness of peer support systems in challenging school bullying: the perspectives and experiences of teachers and pupils. Journal of Adolescence, 22, 467–480.

Naylor, P., Cowie, H., & del Rey, R. (2001). Coping strategies of secondary school children in response to being bullied. Child Psychology & Psychiatry Review, 6(3), 114–120.

Newman, M. L., Holden, G. W., & Delville, Y. (2011). Coping with the stress of being bullied: consequences of coping strategies among college students. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2, 205–211.

Nixon, C. L. (2014). Current perspectives: the impact of cyberbullying on adolescent health. Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics, 5, 143.

Olafsen, R. N., & Viemerö, V. (2000). Bully/victim problems and coping with stress in school among 10- to 12-year old pupils in Åland, Finland. Aggressive Behavior, 26, 57–65.

Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: what we know and what we can do. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.

Olweus, D. (1997). Bully/victim problems in school: facts and intervention. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 12, 495–510.

Olweus, D. (2013). School bullying: Development and some important challenges. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 751–780.

Polanin, J. R., Espelage, D. L., & Pigott, T. D. (2012). A meta-analysis of school-based bully prevention programs’ effects on bystander intervention behavior. School Psychology Review, 41(1), 47–65.

Pollack, W. S. (2004). Male adolescent rites of passage. Annals New York Academy of Sciences, 1036, 141–150.

Roecker-Phelps, C. E. (2001). Children’s responses to overt and relational aggression. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 240–252.

Ryan, W., & Smith, J. D. (2009). Antibullying program in schools: How effective are evaluation practices? Prevention Science, 10, 248–259.

Severson, H., & Biglan, A. (1989). Rationale for the use of passive consent in smoking prevention research: politics, policy, and pragmatics. Preventive Medicine, 18, 267–279.

Skrzypiec, G., Slee, P. T., Murray-Harvey, R., & Pereira, B. (2011). School bullying by one or more ways: does it matter and how do students cope? School Psychology International, 32(3), 288–311.

Smith, P. K., Shu, S., & Madsen, K. (2001). Characteristics of victims of school bullying: developmental changes in coping strategies and skills. In J. Juvonen & S. Graham (Eds.), Peer-harassment in school: the plight of the vulnerable and victimized (pp. 332–351). London: Guilford Press.

Smith, J. D., Schneider, B. H., Smith, P. K., & Ananiadou, K. (2004). The effectiveness of whole-school anti-bullying programs: a synthesis of evaluation research. School Psychology Review, 33, 548–561.

Smith, R. L., Rose, A. J., & Schwartz-Mette, R. A. (2010). Relational and overt aggression in childhood and adolescence: Clarifying mean-level gender differences and associations with peer acceptance. Social Development, 19(2), 243–269.

Solberg, M. E., & Olweus, D. (2003). Prevalence estimation of school bullying with the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire. Aggressive Behavior, 29, 239–268.

Sulkowski, M. L., Bauman, S., Dinner, S., Nixon, C., & Davis, S. (2014). An investigation into how students’ respond to being victimized by peer aggression. Journal of School Violence, 13(4), 339–358.

Swearer, S., & Hymel, S. (2015). Understanding the psychology of bullying – moving toward a social-ecological diathesis-stress model. American Psychologist, 70(4), 344–353.

Tangney, L. P., Stuewig, J., & Mashek, D. J. (2007). Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 345–372.

Tenenbaum, L. S., Varjas, K., Meyers, J., & Parris, L. (2011). Coping strategies and perceived effectiveness in fourth through eighth grade victims of bullying. School Psychology International, 32, 263–287.

Ttofi, M. M., & Farrington, D. P. (2009). What works in preventing bullying: Effective elements of anti-bullying programmes. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 1(1), 13–24.

Ttofi, M. M., & Farrington, D. P. (2011). Effectiveness of school-based programs to reduce bullying: A systematic and meta-analytic review. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 7, 27–56.

Turner, H. A., Hamby, S. L., Shattuck, A., & Omrod, R. K. (2011). Specifying type and location of peer victimization in a national sample of children and youth. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 40(8), 1052–1067.

Viconti, K. J., & Troop-Gordon, W. (2010). Prospective relations between children’s responses to peer victimization and their socioemotional adjustment. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 31, 261–272.

Visconti, K. J., Sechler, C. M., & Kochenderfer-Ladd, B. (2013). Coping with peer victimization: the role of children’s attributions. School Psychology Quarterly, 28, 122–140.

Vreeman, R. C., & Carroll, A. E. (2007). A systematic review of school-based interventions to prevent bullying. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 161, 78–88.

Walton, G. (2014). The new science of wise psychological interventions. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23, 73–82.

Wang, J., Iannotti, R. J., & Nansel, T. R. (2009). School bullying among adolescents in the United States: physical, verbal, relational, and cyber. Journal of Adolescent Health, 45, 368–375.

Werner, N., & Nixon, C. (2005). Normative beliefs and relational aggression: an investigation of the cognitive bases of adolescent aggressive behavior. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(3), 229–243.

Wilson, T. (2011). Redirect: the surprising new science of psychological change. New York: Penguin Group.

Yeager, D. S., Miu, A., Powers, J., & Dweck, C. S. (2013a). Implicit theories of personality and attributions of hostile intent: a meta-analyses, an experiment, and a longitudinal intervention. Child Development, 84(5), 1651–1667.

Yeager, D. S., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Dweck, C. S. (2013b). An implicit theories of personality intervention reduces adolescent aggression in response to victimization and exclusion. Child Development, 84(3), 970–988.

Yeager, D. S., Fong, C. J., Lee, H. Y., & Espelage, D. L. (2015). Declines in efficacy of anti-bullying programs among older adolescents: theory and a three-level meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Development, 37, 36–51.