Effects of Popular Diets without Specific Calorie Targets on Weight Loss Outcomes: Systematic Review of Findings from Clinical Trials

Nutrients - Tập 9 Số 8 - Trang 822
Stephen D. Anton1,2, Azumi Hida1,3, Kacey Heekin1, Kristen Sowalsky4, Christy Karabetian1,2, Heather L. Mutchie1,5, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh1, Todd M. Manini1, Tracey E. Barnett6
1Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
2Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
3Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 1568502, Japan
4Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
5Department of Gerontology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
6Department of Health Behavior and Health Systems, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Dr., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA

Tóm tắt

The present review examined the evidence base for current popular diets, as listed in the 2016 U.S. News & World Report, on short-term (≤six months) and long-term (≥one year) weight loss outcomes in overweight and obese adults. For the present review, all diets in the 2016 U.S. News & World Report Rankings for “Best Weight-Loss Diets”, which did not involve specific calorie targets, meal replacements, supplementation with commercial products, and/or were not categorized as “low-calorie” diets were examined. Of the 38 popular diets listed in the U.S. News & World Report, 20 met our pre-defined criteria. Literature searches were conducted through PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science using preset key terms to identify all relevant clinical trials for these 20 diets. A total of 16 articles were identified which reported findings of clinical trials for seven of these 20 diets: (1) Atkins; (2) Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH); (3) Glycemic-Index; (4) Mediterranean; (5) Ornish; (6) Paleolithic; and (7) Zone. Of the diets evaluated, the Atkins Diet showed the most evidence in producing clinically meaningful short-term (≤six months) and long-term (≥one-year) weight loss. Other popular diets may be equally or even more effective at producing weight loss, but this is unknown at the present time since there is a paucity of studies on these diets.

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Nutrients

Tập 9 Số 8

822

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