Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Dioxins on Growth and Development

Human and Experimental Toxicology - Tập 13 Số 12 - Trang 900-906 - 1994
P.J.J. Sauer1, Marcel Huisman2, Corine Koopman-Esseboom1, D.C. Morse3, A.E. Smits-van Prooije4, K.J. van de Berg5, L.G.M.T. Tuinstra6, C.G. Van der Paauw7, E.R. Boersma, Nynke Weisglas‐Kuperus1, Jan Lammers5, B.M. Kulig5, Abraham Brouwer3
1Department of Paediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus University and University Hospital/Sophia Children's Hospital, Dr. Molewaterplein 60, 3015 GJ Rotterdam
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Groningen
3Agricultural University, Department of Toxicology, Wageningen
4ITV-TNO, Department of Biological Toxicology, Zeist
5MBL-TNO, Department of Neurotoxicology, Rijswijk
6DLO State Institute for Quality Control of Agricultural Products, Wageningen
7TNO Nutrition and Food Research, Zeist, The Netherlands

Tóm tắt

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins are potentially toxic compounds which occur widely in the environment. Their effects on the growth and development of infants at the levels currently found in highly industrialised western countries is not well known. This Dutch multicenter study, combining animal and human studies, tries to answer this question. Animal studies showed that PCB 169, given once during pregnancy at a dose of 1.8 g kg-1 bodyweight, has an effect on developmental parameters, dopamine regulation and fertility. Effects on thyroid hormones were also found in animals, probably due to both a competitive binding of PCB metabolites to the thyroxine binding protein and increased glucuronidation, Perhaps to compensate for this, an increased diodase activity in the brain was found. Human studies involved 400 mother-infant pairs, half of them being breast-fed, the other half were fed a formula devoid of PCBs and dioxins. PCB levels were measured in serum and dioxin and PCB levels in breastmilk. Levels were found to be as high as previously found in highly industrialised countries. Growth and development were carefully documented, but no data are as yet available. In pregnant women, a significant negative correlation was found between some dioxin and PCB congeners in milk and plasma thyroid hormones, while newborn infants showed higher thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) at higher levels of dioxin exposure. In summary, data from this combined multicenter study involving animals and humans increases our insight into the potentially negative effects of PCBs and dioxins on growth and development.

Từ khóa


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Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Human and Experimental Toxicology

Tập 13 Số 12

900-906

Thông tin tác giả