Effect of molecular weight of chitosan on antimicrobial properties and tissue compatibility of chitosan-impregnated bacterial cellulose films

Shoda, M. and Y. Sugano (2005) Recent advances in bacterial cellulose production. Biotechnol. Bioproc. Eng. 10: 1–8.

Jonas, R. and L. F. Farah (1998) Production and application of microbial cellulose. Polym. Degrade. Stabil. 59: 101–106.

Shah, J. and R. M. Brown Jr. (2005) Towards electronic paper displays made from microbial cellulose. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 66: 352–355.

Ciechanska, D. (2004) Multifunctional bacterial cellulose/chitosan composite materials for medical applications. Fibres Text. East. Eur. 12: 69–72.

Sanchavanakit, N., W. Sangrungraugroj, R. Kaommongkolgit, T. Banaprasert, P. Pavasant, and M. Phisalaphong (2006) Growth of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts on bacterial cellulose film. Biotechnol. Progr. 22: 1194–1199.

Czaja, W., A. Krystynowicz, and S. Bielecki (2006) Microbial cellulose-the natural power to heal wounds. Biomate. 27: 145–151.

Czaja, W., D. J. Young, M. Kawechi, and R. M. Brown Jr. (2007) The future prospects of Microbial cellulose in biomedical applications. Biomacromol. 8: 1–12.

Klemm, D., D. Schumann, U. Udhardt, and S. Marsch (2001) Bacterial synthesized cellulose artificial blood vessels for microsurgery. Prog. Polym. Sci. 26: 1561–1603.

Wan, W. K. and L. E. Millon (2005) Poly(vinyl alcohol)-bacterial cellulose nanocomposite. US Patent 2,005,037–082.

Charpentier, P. A., A. Maguire, and W. Wan (2006) Surface modification of polyester to produce a bacterial cellulose-based vascular prosthetic device. Appl. Surf. Sci. 252: 6360–6367.

Luo, H., G. Xiong, Y. Huang, F. He, Y. Wang, and Y. Wan (2008) Preparation and characterization of a novel COL/BC composite for potential tissue engineering scaffolds. Mater. Chem. Phys. 110: 193–196.

W. K. Wan, J. L. Hutter, L. Milton, and G. Guhados (2006) Bacterial cellulose and its nanocomposites for biomedical applications. pp. 221–241. In: K. Oksman and M. Sain (eds.). Cellulose Nanocomposites: ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, Washington, D. C., USA.

Chen, Y. M., T. Xi, Y. Zheng, T. Guo, J. Hou, Y. Wan, and C. Gao (2009) In vitro cytotoxicity of bacterial cellulose scaffolds used for tissue-engineered bone. J. Bioact. Compat. Pol. 24: 137–145.

Backdahl, H., G. Helenius, A. Bodin, U. Nannmark, B. R. Johansson, B. Risberg, and P. Gatenholm (2006) Mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose and interactions with smooth muscle cells. Biomat.27: 2141–2149.

Svensson, A., E. Nicklasson, T. Harrah, B. Panilaiis, D. L. Kaplan, M. Brittberg, and P. Gatenholm (2005) Bacterial cellulose as a potential scaffold for tissue engineering of cartilage. Biomat. 26: 419–431.

Majeti, N. V. and R. Kumar (2000) A review of chitin and chitosan applications. React. Funct. Polymers 46: 1–27.

Kong, M., X. G. Chen, K. Xing, and H. J. Park (2010) Antimicrobial properties of chitosan and mode of action: A state of the art review. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 144: 51–63.

Hadrami, A. E., L. R. Adam, I. E. Hadrami, and F. Daayf (2010) Chitosan in plant protection. Mar. Drugs. 8: 968–987.

Muzzarelli, R. A., A. M. Mattioli-Belmonte, A. Pugnaloni, and G. Biagini (1999) Biochemistry, histology and clinical uses of chitins and chitosans in wound healing. Chitin and Chitinases 87: 251–264.

Liu, N., X. G. Chen, H. J. Park, C. G. Liu, C. S. Liu, and X. H. Meng (2006) Effect of MW and concentration of chitosan on antibacterial activity of Escherichia coli. Carbohyd. Polym. 64: 60–65.

Kouchak, M., M. Avadi, M. Abbaspour, A. Jahangiri, and S. K. Boldaji (2012) Effect of different molecular weights of chitosan on preparation and characterization of insulin loaded nanoparticles by ion gelation method. Int. J. Drug Dev. Res. 4: 271–277.

Muzzarelli, R. A. A. (2009) Chitin and chitosan for the repair of wounded skin, nerve, cartilage and bone. Carbohyd. Polym. 76: 167–182.

Kumar, R. M. (2000) A review of chitin and chitosan applications. React. Funct. Polym. 46: 1–27.

Boateng, J. S., H. V. Pawar, and J. Tetteh (2013) Polyox and carrageenan based composite film dressing containing anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory drugs for effective wound healing. Int. J. Pharm. 441: 181–191.

Pawar, H. V., J. Tetteh, and J. S. Boateng (2013) Preparation and characterization of novel wound healing film dressings loaded with streptomycin and diclofenac. Colloids Surf. B.102: 102–110.

Phisalaphong, M. and N. Jatupaiboon (2008) Biosynthesis and characterization of bacteria cellulose-chitosan film. Carbohyd. Polym. 74: 482–488.

Dutta, J. and P. K. Dutta (2011) Antimicrobial activity of chitin, chitosan, and their oligosaccharides. pp. 195–214. In: S.-K. Kim (ed.). Chitin, Chitosan, Oligosaccharides and Their Derivatives. CRC Press, NW, USA.

Song, C., H. Yu, M. Zhang, Y. Yang, and G. Zhang (2013) Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of chitosan from the blow fly Chrysomya megacephala larve. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 60: 347–354.

Kingkaew, J., N. Jatupaiboon, N. Sanchavanakit, P. Pavasant, and M. Phisalaphong (2010) Biocompatibility and growth of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts on biosynthesized cellulose-chitosan film. J. Biomat. Sci. 21: 1009–1021.

Abdellatief, A. and B. A. Welt (2013) Comparison of new dynamic accumulation method for measuring oxygen transmission rate of packing against the steady-state method described by ASTM D3985. Packag. Technol. Sci. 26: 281–288.

Suwantong, O., P. Opanasopit, U. Ruktanonchai, and P. Supaphol (2008) Electrospun cellulose acetate fiber mats containing curcumin and release characteristic of the herbal substance. Polymer 42: 7546–7557.

Leane, M. M., R. Nankervis, A. Smith, and L. Illum (2004) Use of the ninhydrin assay to measure the release of chitosan from oral solid dosage forms. Int. J. Pharm. 271: 241–249.

Lee, W. K., M. L. Tsai, and Y. T. Shien (2012) Fractionation of chitosan by supercritical carbon dioxide/acetic acid aqueous solution. J. Supercrit. Fluid. 71: 86–91.

Kim, J., Z. Cai, H. S. Lee, G. S. Choi, D. H. Lee, and C. Jo (2011) Preparation and characterization of a Bacterial cellulose/Chitosan composite for potential biomedical application. J. Polym. Res. 18: 739–744.

UI-Islam, M., N. Shah, J. H. Ha, and J. K. Park (2011) Effect of chitosan penetration on physic-chemical and mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose. Kor. J. Chem. Eng. 28: 1736–1743.

Giovino, C., I. Ayensu, J. Tetteh, and J. S. Boateng (2013) An intergrated buccal delivery system combining chitosan films impregnated with peptide loaded PEG-b-PLA nanoparticles. Colloid Surface B. 112: 9–15.

Balau, L., G. Lisa, M. I. Popa, V. Tura, and V. Melnig (2004) Physico-chemical properties of chitosan films. Cent. Eur. J. Chem. 2: 638–647.

Ayensu, I., J. C. Mitchell, and J. S. Boateng (2012) Development and physic-mechanical characterization of lyophilized chitosan wafers as potential protein drug delivery systems via the buccal mucosa. Colloid Surface B. 91: 258–265.

Cai, Z. and J. Kim (2010) Bacterial cellulose/poly (ethylene glycol) composite. Cellulose. 17: 83–91.

Retigi, A., N. Gabilondo, C. Pena, R. Zuluaga, C. Castro, P. Ganan, K. de la Caba, and I. Mondragon (2010) Bacterial cellulose films with controlled microstructure-mechanical property relationships. Cellulose. 17: 661–669.

Cardona, L., Y. Sanzgiri, L. Benedetti, V. Stella, and E. Topp (1996) Application of benzyl hyaluronate membranes as potential wound dressings: Evaluation of water vapour and gas permeabilities. Biomat. 17: 1639–1643.

Lowe, R. D. (2008) Two part wound dressing. US Patent 0,051,688 A1.

No, H. K., N. Y. Park, S. H. Lee, and S. P. Meyers (2002) Antibacterial activity of chitosans and chitosan oligomers with different molecular weights. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 74: 65–72.

Martinez-Camacho, A. P., M. O. Cortez-Rocha, J. M. Ezquerra- Brauer, A. Z. Graciano-Verdugo, F. Rodriguez-Felix, M. M. Castillo-Ortega, M. S. Yepiz-Gomez, and M. Plascencia-Jatomea (2010) Chitosan composite films: Thermal, structural, mechanical and antifungal properties. Carbohyd. Polym. 82: 305–315.

Rabea, E. I., M. El Badawy, C. V. Stevens, G. Smagghe, and W. Steurbaut (2003) Chitosan as antimicrobial agent: Applications and mode of action. Biomacromol. 4: 1457–1465.

Kumirska, J., M. Weinhold, M. Czerwicka, Z. Kaczyñski, A. Bychowska, K. Brzozowski, J. Thöming, and P. Stepnowski (2011) Influence of the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of chitin- and chitosan-based materials on their biomedical activity: Biomedical Engineering, Trends in Materials Science. pp. 25–64. InTech, Rijeka, Croatia.

Lin, W. C., C. C. Lien, H. J. Yeh, C. M. Yu, and S. H. Hsu (2013) Bacterial cellulose and bacterial cellulose-chitosan membranes for wound dressing applications. Carbohyd. Polym. 94: 603–611.

Howling, G. I., P. W. Dettmar, P. A. Goddard, F. C. Hampson, M. Dornish, and E. J. Wood (2001) The effect of chitin and chitosan on the proliferation of human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro. Biomat. 22:2959–2966.

Perdones, T., M. Vargas, L. Atarés, and A. Chiralt (2014) Physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of chitosan-cinnamon leaf oil films as affected by oleic acid. Food Hydrocolloid. 36: 256–264.

Qing, H., A. Qiang, X. Bo, G. Yan-dao, Z. Nan-ming, and Z. Xiufang (2007) Mechanisms for biocompatibility of chitosan: A new view point. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research (CRTER). 11: 7110–7112.