Effect of Nozzle Geometry on Characteristics of Submerged Gas Jet and Bubble Noise

Koh, 2013, Impact of Multi-Species Gas Injection on Trailing-Edge Noise, Comput. Fluids, 75, 72, 10.1016/j.compfluid.2013.01.016 Ceccio, 2010, Friction Drag Reduction of External Flows with Bubble and Gas Injection, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 42, 183, 10.1146/annurev-fluid-121108-145504 Shao, 2014, Numerical Simulation on Gas-Liquid Flow in Mechanical-Gas Injection Coupled Stirred System, ISIJ Int., 54, 1507, 10.2355/isijinternational.54.1507 Chicharro, 2014, The Acoustic Signature of Gas Bubbles Generated in a Liquid Cross-Flow, Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., 55, 221, 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2014.03.011 Leighton, 1987, An Experimental Study of the Sound Emitted from Gas Bubbles in a Liquid, J. Phys., 8, 98 Manasseh, 2004, Anisotropy in the Sound Field Generated by a Bubble Chain, J. Sound Vib., 278, 807, 10.1016/j.jsv.2003.10.015 Manasseh, 2001, Passive Acoustic Bubble Sizing in Sparged Systems, Exp. Fluids, 30, 672, 10.1007/s003480000245 Hoefele, 1979, Flow Regimes in Submerged Gas Injection, Metall. Trans., 10, 631, 10.1007/BF02662566 Linck, 2009, Submerged Combustion and Two-Phase Exhaust Jet Instabilities, J. Propul. Power, 25, 522, 10.2514/1.35724 Lin, 1986 Semanov, N. I., Kosterin, S. I. Results of Studying the Speed of Sound in Moving Gas-Liquid Systems. Teloenergetika 1964, 11–46. Wallis, 1969 Dai, 2006, Experimental Study on Hydrodynamic Behaviors of High-Speed Gas Jet in Still Water, Acta Mech. Sin., 22, 443, 10.1007/s10409-006-0029-2 Rayleigh, 1917, On the Pressure Developed in a Liquid during the Collapse of a Spherical Cavity, Philos. Mag., 34, 4, 10.1080/14786440808635681 Xu, 2013, Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Underwater Gas Jet from a Horizontal Exhaust Nozzle, Appl. Acoust., 74, 845, 10.1016/j.apacoust.2012.12.003 Gavigan, 1974, Noise Generation by Gas Jets in a Turbulent Wake, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 56, 1094, 10.1121/1.1903390 Vazquez, 2008, Experimental Comparison between Acoustic and Pressure Signals from a Bubbling Flow, Chem. Eng. Sci., 63, 5860, 10.1016/j.ces.2008.08.032 Chen, L., Manasseh, R., Nikolovska, A. Noise Generation by an Underwater Gas Jet. Proc. 8th Western Pacific Acoustics Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 2003. Wilson, K. J., Gutmark, E., Schadow, K. C., et al. Supersonic Submerged Heated Jets. In: 28th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Nashville, TN, 1992, Paper No. AIAA-92-3138. Arghode1, V. K., Gupta, A. K., Yu, K. H. Effect of Nozzle Exit Geometry on Submerged Jet Characteristics in Underwater Propulsion. Proc. 46th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, NV, 2008. Kitscha, 1989, Breakup Criteria for Fluid Particles, Int. J Multiphas. Flow, 15, 573, 10.1016/0301-9322(89)90054-2 Zhao, 1990, The Breakup of Bubbles into Jets during Submerged Gas Injection, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 21, 997, 10.1007/BF02670270 Clift, 1978