Ecology of marine Bacteroidetes: a comparative genomics approach

ISME Journal - Tập 7 Số 5 - Trang 1026-1037 - 2013
Beatriz Fernández-Gómez1, Michael Richter2, Margarete Schüler3, Jarone Pinhassi4, Silvia G. Acinas1, José M. González5, Carlos Pedrós‐Alió1
1Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
2Microbial Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology , Bremen, Germany
3Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
4Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
5Department of Microbiology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain

Tóm tắt

Abstract Bacteroidetes are commonly assumed to be specialized in degrading high molecular weight (HMW) compounds and to have a preference for growth attached to particles, surfaces or algal cells. The first sequenced genomes of marine Bacteroidetes seemed to confirm this assumption. Many more genomes have been sequenced recently. Here, a comparative analysis of marine Bacteroidetes genomes revealed a life strategy different from those of other important phyla of marine bacterioplankton such as Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria. Bacteroidetes have many adaptations to grow attached to particles, have the capacity to degrade polymers, including a large number of peptidases, glycoside hydrolases (GHs), glycosyl transferases, adhesion proteins, as well as the genes for gliding motility. Several of the polymer degradation genes are located in close association with genes for TonB-dependent receptors and transducers, suggesting an integrated regulation of adhesion and degradation of polymers. This confirmed the role of this abundant group of marine bacteria as degraders of particulate matter. Marine Bacteroidetes had a significantly larger number of proteases than GHs, while non-marine Bacteroidetes had equal numbers of both. Proteorhodopsin containing Bacteroidetes shared two characteristics: small genome size and a higher number of genes involved in CO2 fixation per Mb. The latter may be important in order to survive when floating freely in the illuminated, but nutrient-poor, ocean surface.

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ISME Journal

Tập 7 Số 5

1026-1037

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