East palearctic treefrog past and present habitat suitability using ecological niche models

PeerJ - Tập 10 - Trang e12999
Desiree Andersen1, Irina V. Maslova2, Zoljargal Purevdorj3,4, Jia‐Tang Li5, Kevin R. Messenger6, Jin‐Long Ren5, Yikweon Jang1,7, Amaël Borzée8
1Department of Life Science and Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostock, Russian Federation
3Department of Biology, Scholl of Mathematic and Natural Science, Mongolian State University of Education, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
4Department of Forest and Environmental Resources, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
5Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
6Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
7Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
8Laboratory of Animal Behaviour and Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

Tóm tắt

Ecological niche modeling is a tool used to determine current potential species’ distribution or habitat suitability models which can then be used to project suitable areas in time. Projections of suitability into past climates can identify locations of climate refugia, or areas with high climatic stability likely to contain the highest levels of genetic diversity and stable populations when climatic conditions are less suitable in other parts of the range. Modeling habitat suitability for closely related species in recent past can also reveal potential periods and regions of contact and possible admixture. In the east palearctic, there are fiveDryophytes(Hylid treefrog) clades belonging to two groups:Dryophytes japonicusgroup: Clades A and B; andDryophytes immaculatusgroup:Dryophytes immaculatus,Dryophytes flaviventris, andDryophytes suweonensis. We used maximum entropy modeling to determine the suitable ranges of these five clades during the present and projected to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Last Interglacial (LIG) periods. We also calculated climatic stability for each clade to identify possible areas of climate refugia. Our models indicated suitable range expansion during the LGM for four clades with the exclusion ofD. immaculatus. High climatic stability in our models corresponded to areas with the highest numbers of recorded occurrences in the present. The models produced here can additionally serve as baselines for models of suitability under climate change scenarios and indicate species ecological requirements.

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