Early steps in inner ear development: induction and morphogenesis of the otic placode

Abraira, 2008, Cross-repressive interactions between Lrig3 and netrin 1 shape the architecture of the inner ear., Development, 135, 4091, 10.1242/dev.029330

Ahrens, 2005, Tissues and signals involved in the induction of placodal Six1 expression in Xenopus laevis., Dev. Biol., 288, 40, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.07.022

Alvarez, 1990, Shaping, invagination, and closure of the chick embryo otic vesicle: scanning electron microscopic and quantitative study., Anat. Rec., 228, 315, 10.1002/ar.1092280311

Bailey, 2006, Sensory organs: making and breaking the pre-placodal region., Curr. Top. Dev. Biol., 72, 167, 10.1016/S0070-2153(05)72003-2

Baker, 2001, Vertebrate cranial placodes I. Embryonic induction., Dev. Biol., 232, 1, 10.1006/dbio.2001.0156

Barald, 2004, From placode to polarization: new tunes in inner ear development., Development, 131, 4119, 10.1242/dev.01339

Bouchard, 2004, Tissue-specific expression of cre recombinase from the Pax8 locus., Genesis, 38, 105, 10.1002/gene.20008

Bouchard, 2002, Nephric lineage specification by Pax2 and Pax8., Genes Dev., 16, 2958, 10.1101/gad.240102

Chang, 2004, The development of semicircular canals in the inner ear: role of FGFs in sensory cristae., Development, 131, 4201, 10.1242/dev.01292

Chauhan, 2011, Balanced Rac1 and RhoA activities regulate cell shape and drive invagination morphogenesis in epithelia., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 108, 18289, 10.1073/pnas.1108993108

Chen, 2012, Restoration of auditory evoked responses by human ES-cell-derived otic progenitors., Nature, 490, 278, 10.1038/nature11415

Christophorou, 2010, Pax2 coordinates epithelial morphogenesis and cell fate in the inner ear., Dev. Biol., 345, 180, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.07.007

Colas, 2001, Towards a cellular and molecular understanding of neurulation., Dev. Dyn., 221, 117, 10.1002/dvdy.1144

Dawes-Hoang, 2005, Folded gastrulation, cell shape change and the control of myosin localization., Development, 132, 4165, 10.1242/dev.01938

Fish, 2008, Making bigger brains-the evolution of neural-progenitor-cell division., J. Cell Sci., 121, 2783, 10.1242/jcs.023465

Fox, 2007, Abelson kinase (Abl) and RhoGEF2 regulate actin organization during cell constriction in Drosophila., Development, 134, 567, 10.1242/dev.02748

Freter, 2008, Progressive restriction of otic fate: the role of FGF and Wnt in resolving inner ear potential., Development, 135, 3415, 10.1242/dev.026674

Freter, 2012, Pax2 modulates proliferation during specification of the otic and epibranchial placodes., Dev. Dyn., 241, 1716, 10.1002/dvdy.23856

Funahashi, 1999, Role of Pax-5 in the regulation of a mid-hindbrain organizer’s activity., Dev. Growth Differ., 41, 59, 10.1046/j.1440-169x.1999.00401.x

Graham, 2013, The origin and evolution of the ectodermal placodes., J. Anat., 222, 32, 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01506.x

Groves, 2000, Competence, specification and commitment in otic placode induction., Development, 127, 3489, 10.1242/dev.127.16.3489

Groves, 2012, Shaping sound in space: the regulation of inner ear patterning., Development, 139, 245, 10.1242/dev.067074

Groves, 2014, Setting appropriate boundaries: fate, patterning and competence at the neural plate border., Dev. Biol., 389, 2, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.11.027

Hall, 2012, Rho family GTPases., Biochem. Soc. Trans., 40, 1378, 10.1042/BST20120103

Hans, 2004, Pax8 and Pax2a function synergistically in otic specification, downstream of the Foxi1 and Dlx3b transcription factors., Development, 131, 5091, 10.1242/dev.01346

Highstein, 2004, “Anatomy and physiology of the central and peripheral vestibular system: overview,” in, The vestibular system,, 10.1007/0-387-21567-0_1

Ikeda, 2010, Six1 is indispensable for production of functional progenitor cells during olfactory epithelial development., Int. J. Dev. Biol., 54, 1453, 10.1387/ijdb.093041ki

Ikeda, 2007, Six1 is essential for early neurogenesis in the development of olfactory epithelium., Dev. Biol., 311, 53, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.08.020

Khatri, 2014, Foxi3 is necessary for the induction of the chick otic placode in response to FGF signaling., Dev. Biol., 391, 158, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.04.014

Kil, 2005, Distinct roles for hindbrain and paraxial mesoderm in the induction and patterning of the inner ear revealed by a study of vitamin-A-deficient quail., Dev. Biol., 285, 252, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.05.044

Koehler, 2013, Generation of inner ear sensory epithelia from pluripotent stem cells in 3D culture., Nature, 500, 217, 10.1038/nature12298

Konishi, 2006, Six1 and Six4 promote survival of sensory neurons during early trigeminal gangliogenesis., Brain Res., 1116, 93, 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.103

Kosodo, 2011, Regulation of interkinetic nuclear migration by cell cycle-coupled active and passive mechanisms in the developing brain., EMBO J., 30, 1690, 10.1038/emboj.2011.81

Kozmik, 1999, Characterization of an amphioxus paired box gene, AmphiPax2/5/8: developmental expression patterns in optic support cells, nephridium, thyroid-like structures and pharyngeal gill slits, but not in the midbrain-hindbrain boundary region., Development, 126, 1295, 10.1242/dev.126.6.1295

Krelova, 2002, Functional equivalency of amphioxus and vertebrate Pax258 transcription factors suggests that the activation of mid-hindbrain specific genes in vertebrates occurs via the recruitment of Pax regulatory elements., Gene, 282, 143, 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00840-X

Laclef, 2003, Thymus, kidney and craniofacial abnormalities in Six 1 deficient mice., Mech. Dev., 120, 669, 10.1016/S0925-4773(03)00065-0

Ladher, 2000, Identification of synergistic signals initiating inner ear development., Science, 290, 1965, 10.1126/science.290.5498.1965

Ladher, 2010, From shared lineage to distinct functions: the development of the inner ear and epibranchial placodes., Development, 137, 1777, 10.1242/dev.040055

Ladher, 2005, FGF8 initiates inner ear induction in chick and mouse., Genes Dev., 19, 603, 10.1101/gad.1273605

Lecuit, 2007, Cell surface mechanics and the control of cell shape, tissue patterns and morphogenesis., Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 8, 633, 10.1038/nrm2222

Li, 2003, Generation of hair cells by stepwise differentiation of embryonic stem cells., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 100, 13495, 10.1073/pnas.2334503100

Li, 2010, EYA1 mutations associated with the branchio-oto-renal syndrome result in defective otic development in Xenopus laevis., Biol. Cell, 102, 277, 10.1042/BC20090098

Litsiou, 2005, A balance of FGF, BMP and WNT signalling positions the future placode territory in the head., Development, 132, 4051, 10.1242/dev.01964

Lun, 1998, A series of no isthmus (noi) alleles of the zebrafish pax2.1 gene reveals multiple signaling events in development of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary., Development, 125, 3049, 10.1242/dev.125.16.3049

Mackereth, 2005, Zebrafish pax8 is required for otic placode induction and plays a redundant role with Pax2 genes in the maintenance of the otic placode., Development, 132, 371, 10.1242/dev.01587

Mahmood, 1995, Multiple roles for FGF-3 during cranial neural development in the chicken., Development, 121, 1399, 10.1242/dev.121.5.1399

Mansour, 1993, Mice homozygous for a targeted disruption of the proto-oncogene int-2 have developmental defects in the tail and inner ear., Development, 117, 13, 10.1242/dev.117.1.13

Mansour, 2005, “Morphogenesis of the inner ear,” in, Development of the Inner Ear,, 26, 43, 10.1007/0-387-30678-1_3

Martin, 2014, Apical constriction: themes and variations on a cellular mechanism driving morphogenesis., Development, 141, 1987, 10.1242/dev.102228

Martin, 2006, Competence of cranial ectoderm to respond to Fgf signaling suggests a two-step model of otic placode induction., Development, 133, 877, 10.1242/dev.02267

Martin, 2004, Parallels between tissue repair and embryo morphogenesis., Development, 131, 3021, 10.1242/dev.01253

Mason, 2013, Apical domain polarization localizes actin-myosin activity to drive ratchet-like apical constriction., Nat. Cell Biol., 15, 926, 10.1038/ncb2796

McCarroll, 2012, Graded levels of Pax2a and Pax8 regulate cell differentiation during sensory placode formation., Development, 139, 2740, 10.1242/dev.076075

Meier, 1978a, Development of the embryonic chick otic placode. I. Light microscopic analysis., Anat. Rec., 191, 447, 10.1002/ar.1091910405

Meier, 1978b, Development of the embryonic chick otic placode. II. Electron microscopic analysis., Anat. Rec., 191, 459, 10.1002/ar.1091910406

Nishimura, 2012, Planar cell polarity links axes of spatial dynamics in neural-tube closure., Cell, 149, 1084, 10.1016/j.cell.2012.04.021

Ohta, 2010, BMP/SMAD signaling regulates the cell behaviors that drive the initial dorsal-specific regional morphogenesis of the otocyst., Dev. Biol., 347, 369, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.09.002

Ohyama, 2004, Expression of mouse Foxi class genes in early craniofacial development., Dev. Dyn., 231, 640, 10.1002/dvdy.20160

Oliver, 1995, Six3, a murine homologue of the sine oculis gene, demarcates the most anterior border of the developing neural plate and is expressed during eye development., Development, 121, 4045, 10.1242/dev.121.12.4045

Oshima, 2010, Mechanosensitive hair cell-like cells from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells., Cell, 141, 704, 10.1016/j.cell.2010.03.035

Ozaki, 2004, Six1 controls patterning of the mouse otic vesicle., Development, 131, 551, 10.1242/dev.00943

Ozaki, 2002, Impaired interactions between mouse Eyal harboring mutations found in patients with branchio-oto-renal syndrome and Six, Dach, and G proteins., J. Hum. Genet., 47, 107, 10.1007/s100380200011

Pfeffer, 1998, Characterization of three novel members of the zebrafish Pax2/5/8 family: dependency of Pax5 and Pax8 expression on the Pax2.1 (noi) function., Development, 125, 3063, 10.1242/dev.125.16.3063

Pieper, 2012, Differential distribution of competence for panplacodal and neural crest induction to non-neural and neural ectoderm., Development, 139, 1175, 10.1242/dev.074468

Plachov, 1990, Pax8, a murine paired box gene expressed in the developing excretory system and thyroid gland., Development, 110, 643, 10.1242/dev.110.2.643

Represa, 1991, The int-2 proto-oncogene is responsible for induction of the inner ear., Nature, 353, 561, 10.1038/353561a0

Sai, 2008, FGF signaling regulates cytoskeletal remodeling during epithelial morphogenesis., Curr. Biol., 18, 976, 10.1016/j.cub.2008.05.049

Sai, 2014, Junctionally restricted RhoA activity is necessary for apical constriction during phase 2 inner ear placode invagination., Dev. Biol., 394, 206, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.08.022

Saint-Jeannet, 2014, Establishing the pre-placodal region and breaking it into placodes with distinct identities., Dev. Biol., 389, 13, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.02.011

Sato, 2012, Regulation of Six1 expression by evolutionarily conserved enhancers in tetrapods., Dev. Biol., 368, 95, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.05.023

Sato, 2010, Conserved expression of mouse Six1 in the pre-placodal region (PPR) and identification of an enhancer for the rostral PPR., Dev. Biol., 344, 158, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.04.029

Sauer, 1936, The interkinetic migration of embryonic epithelial nuclei., J. Morphol., 60, 1, 10.1002/jmor.1050600102

Sawyer, 2010, Apical constriction: a cell shape change that can drive morphogenesis., Dev. Biol., 341, 5, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.09.009

Schimmang, 2007, Expression and functions of FGF ligands during early otic development., Int. J. Dev. Biol., 51, 473, 10.1387/ijdb.072334ts

Schlosser, 2006, Induction and specification of cranial placodes., Dev. Biol., 294, 303, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.03.009

Schlosser, 2007, How old genes make a new head: redeployment of Six and Eya genes during the evolution of vertebrate cranial placodes., Integr. Comp. Biol., 47, 343, 10.1093/icb/icm031

Schlosser, 2014, Early embryonic specification of vertebrate cranial placodes., Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Dev. Biol., 3, 349, 10.1002/wdev.142

Slepecky, 1996, “Structure of the mammalian cochlea,” in, The Cochlea,, 44, 10.1007/978-1-4612-0757-3_2

Stoykova, 1994, Roles of Pax-genes in developing and adult brain as suggested by expression patterns., J. Neurosci., 14, 1395, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.14-03-01395.1994

Streit, 2004, Early development of the cranial sensory nervous system: from a common field to individual placodes., Dev. Biol., 276, 1, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.08.037

Suzuki, 2010a, Expression of Six1 and Six4 in mouse taste buds., J. Mol. Histol., 41, 205, 10.1007/s10735-010-9280-8

Suzuki, 2010b, Regulatory role of Six1 in the development of taste papillae., Cell Tissue Res., 339, 513, 10.1007/s00441-009-0917-4

Urness, 2010, FGF signaling regulates otic placode induction and refinement by controlling both ectodermal target genes and hindbrain Wnt8a., Dev. Biol., 340, 595, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.02.016

Vendrell, 2000, Induction of inner ear fate by FGF3., Development, 127, 2011, 10.1242/dev.127.10.2011

Vendrell, 2013, Roles of Wnt8a during formation and patterning of the mouse inner ear., Mech. Dev., 130, 160, 10.1016/j.mod.2012.09.009

Wright, 2003, Fgf3 and Fgf10 are required for mouse otic placode induction., Development, 130, 3379, 10.1242/dev.00555

Yajima, 2010, Six family genes control the proliferation and differentiation of muscle satellite cells., Exp. Cell Res., 316, 2932, 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.08.001

Yajima, 2014, Six1 is a key regulator of the developmental and evolutionary architecture of sensory neurons in craniates., BMC Biol., 12, 10.1186/1741-7007-12-40

Zheng, 2003, The role of Six1 in mammalian auditory system development., Development, 130, 3989, 10.1242/dev.00628

Zou, 2006, Eya1 regulates the growth of otic epithelium and interacts with Pax2 during the development of all sensory areas in the inner ear., Dev. Biol., 298, 430, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.06.049