Early adverse experience increases emotional reactivity in juvenile rhesus macaques: Relation to amygdala volume

Developmental Psychobiology - Tập 56 Số 8 - Trang 1735-1746 - 2014
Brittany Howell1,2, Alison P. Grand3,2, Kai M. McCormack4,2, Yundi Shi5, Jamie L. LaPrarie1,2, Dario Maestripieri6,2, Martin Styner5, Mar M. Sánchez1,2
1Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA
2Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
3Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens;
4Department of Psychology, Spelman College, Athens
5Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
6Department of Comparative Human Development, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the impact of infant maltreatment on juvenile rhesus monkeys' behavioral reactivity to novel stimuli and its associations with amygdala volume. Behavioral reactivity to novel stimuli of varying threat intensity was measured using Approach/Avoidance (AA) and Human Intruder (HI) tasks. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure amygdala volume. Interestingly, group behavioral differences were context‐dependent. When exposed to a human intruder, maltreated subjects displayed more anxious behaviors than controls; however, when presented with fear‐evoking objects, maltreated animals exhibited increased aggression and a shorter latency to inspect the objects. Finally, under testing conditions with the lowest levels of threat (neutral novel objects) maltreated animals also showed shorter latencies to inspect objects, and reduced avoidance and increased exploration compared to controls. This suggests alterations in threat assessment and less behavioral inhibition in animals with early adverse experience compared to controls. Some of these behavioral responses were associated with amygdala volume, which was positively correlated with abuse rates received during infancy, particularly reflecting a relationship with exploration, consistent with previous studies. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 1735–1746, 2014.

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Developmental Psychobiology

Tập 56 Số 8

1735-1746

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