Early Detection of Plant Physiological Responses to Different Levels of Water Stress Using Reflectance Spectroscopy

Remote Sensing - Tập 9 Số 7 - Trang 745
Matthew Maimaitiyiming1, Vasit Sagan1, Arianna Bozzolo2, Joseph L. Wilkins3, Misha T. Kwasniewski2
1Center for Sustainability, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
2Grape and Wine Institute, University of Missouri, 221 Eckles Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
3Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA

Tóm tắt

Early detection of water stress is critical for precision farming for improving crop productivity and fruit quality. To investigate varying rootstock and irrigation interactions in an open agricultural ecosystem, different irrigation treatments were implemented in a vineyard experimental site either: (i) nonirrigated (NIR); (ii) with full replacement of evapotranspiration (FIR); or (iii) intermediate irrigation (INT, 50% replacement of evapotranspiration). In the summers 2014 and 2015, we collected leaf reflectance factor spectra of the vineyard using field spectroscopy along with grapevine physiological parameters. To comprehensively analyze the field-collected hyperspectral data, various band combinations were used to calculate the normalized difference spectral index (NDSI) along with 26 various indices from the literature. Then, the relationship between the indices and plant physiological parameters were examined and the strongest relationships were determined. We found that newly-identified NDSIs always performed better than the indices from the literature, and stomatal conductance (Gs) was the plant physiological parameter that showed the highest correlation with NDSI(R603,R558) calculated using leaf reflectance factor spectra (R2 = 0.720). Additionally, the best NDSI(R685,R415) for non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was determined (R2 = 0.681). Gs resulted in being a proxy of water stress. Therefore, the partial least squares regression (PLSR) method was utilized to develop a predictive model for Gs. Our results showed that the PLSR model was inferior to the NDSI in Gs estimation (R2 = 0.680). The variable importance in the projection (VIP) was then employed to investigate the most important wavelengths that were most effective in determining Gs. The VIP analysis confirmed that the yellow band improves the prediction ability of hyperspectral reflectance factor data in Gs estimation. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of hyperspectral spectroscopy data in motoring plant stress response.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Turral, H., Burke, J., and Faurès, J.M. (2011). Climate Change, Water and Food Security, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Hsiao, T., Fereres, E., Acevedo, E., and Henderson, D. (1976). Water stress and dynamics of growth and yield of crop plants. Water and Plant Life, Springer.

Vivier, 2002, Genetically tailored grapevines for the wine industry, Trends Biotechnol., 20, 472, 10.1016/S0167-7799(02)02058-9

Stonebridge Research Group (2010). The Economic Impact of Wine and Grape in Missouri, Stonebridge Research Group™ LLC.

Dai, 2011, Drought under global warming: A review, Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Clim. Chang., 2, 45, 10.1002/wcc.81

Chaves, 1991, Effects of water deficits on carbon assimilation, J. Exp. Bot., 42, 1, 10.1093/jxb/42.1.1

Jackson, 1981, Canopy temperature as a crop water stress indicator, Water Resour. Res., 17, 1133, 10.1029/WR017i004p01133

Krause, 1988, Photoinhibition of photosynthesis. An evaluation of damaging and protective mechanisms, Physiol. Plant., 74, 566, 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1988.tb02020.x

Baker, 2004, Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence can improve crop production strategies: An examination of future possibilities, J. Exp. Bot., 55, 1607, 10.1093/jxb/erh196

Lisar, S.Y., Motafakkerazad, R., Hossain, M.M., and Rahman, I.M. (2012). Water Stress in Plants: Causes, Effects and Responses, InTech.

Lim, 2007, Aging and senescence of the leaf organ, J. Plant Biol., 50, 291, 10.1007/BF03030657

Lichtenthaler, 1998, The stress concept in plants: An introduction, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 851, 187, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08993.x

Bouman, 1996, The ‘school of de wit’crop growth simulation models: A pedigree and historical overview, Agric. Syst., 52, 171, 10.1016/0308-521X(96)00011-X

Thenkabail, A., Lyon, P.S., and Huete, J.G. (2011). Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation, CRC Press.

Clevers, 2010, Estimating canopy water content using hyperspectral remote sensing data, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinform., 12, 119

Gitelson, 2011, Sensitivity to foliar anthocyanin content of vegetation indices using green reflectance, IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens., 8, 464, 10.1109/LGRS.2010.2086430

Jensen, J.R. (2007). Remote Sensing of the Environment: An Earth Resource Perspective 2/e, Pearson Prentice Hall.

Elvidge, 1990, Visible and near infrared reflectance characteristics of dry plant materials, Int. J. Remote Sens., 11, 1775, 10.1080/01431169008955129

Tucker, 1979, Red and photographic infrared linear combinations for monitoring vegetation, Remote Sens. Environ., 8, 127, 10.1016/0034-4257(79)90013-0

Sims, 2002, Relationships between leaf pigment content and spectral reflectance across a wide range of species, leaf structures and developmental stages, Remote Sens. Environ., 81, 337, 10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00010-X

Thenkabail, 2000, Hyperspectral vegetation indices and their relationships with agricultural crop characteristics, Remote Sens. Environ., 71, 158, 10.1016/S0034-4257(99)00067-X

Thenkabail, P.S., Teluguntla, P.G., Gumma, M.K., and Dheeravath, V. (2015). Hyperspectral Remote Sensing for Terrestrial Applications. Land Resources Monitoring, Modeling, and Mapping with Remote Sensing, CRC Press.

Panigada, 2014, Fluorescence, pri and canopy temperature for water stress detection in cereal crops, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinform., 30, 167

Gamon, 1992, A narrow-waveband spectral index that tracks diurnal changes in photosynthetic efficiency, Remote Sens. Environ., 41, 35, 10.1016/0034-4257(92)90059-S

Berni, 2009, Modelling pri for water stress detection using radiative transfer models, Remote Sens. Environ., 113, 730, 10.1016/j.rse.2008.12.001

Krause, 1984, Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool in plant physiology, Photosynth. Res., 5, 139, 10.1007/BF00028527

Guanter, 2013, Using field spectroscopy to assess the potential of statistical approaches for the retrieval of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence from ground and space, Remote Sens. Environ., 133, 52, 10.1016/j.rse.2013.01.017

Guanter, 2014, Global and time-resolved monitoring of crop photosynthesis with chlorophyll fluorescence, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111, E1327, 10.1073/pnas.1320008111

Moya, 2004, A new instrument for passive remote sensing: 1. Measurements of sunlight-induced chlorophyll fluorescence, Remote Sens. Environ., 91, 186, 10.1016/j.rse.2004.02.012

Meroni, 2009, Remote sensing of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence: Review of methods and applications, Remote Sens. Environ., 113, 2037, 10.1016/j.rse.2009.05.003

Berni, 2009, Imaging chlorophyll fluorescence with an airborne narrow-band multispectral camera for vegetation stress detection, Remote Sens. Environ., 113, 1262, 10.1016/j.rse.2009.02.016

Berni, 2012, Fluorescence, temperature and narrow-band indices acquired from a uav platform for water stress detection using a micro-hyperspectral imager and a thermal camera, Remote Sens. Environ., 117, 322, 10.1016/j.rse.2011.10.007

Ashourloo, 2014, Developing two spectral disease indices for detection of wheat leaf rust (pucciniatriticina), Remote Sens., 6, 4723, 10.3390/rs6064723

Delalieux, 2009, Hyperspectral reflectance and fluorescence imaging to detect scab induced stress in apple leaves, Remote Sens., 1, 858, 10.3390/rs1040858

Inoue, 2008, Normalized difference spectral indices for estimating photosynthetic efficiency and capacity at a canopy scale derived from hyperspectral and co 2 flux measurements in rice, Remote Sens Environ., 112, 156, 10.1016/j.rse.2007.04.011

Inoue, 2012, Diagnostic mapping of canopy nitrogen content in rice based on hyperspectral measurements, Remote Sens Environ., 126, 210, 10.1016/j.rse.2012.08.026

Marshall, 2016, Hyperspectral narrowband and multispectral broadband indices for remote sensing of crop evapotranspiration and its components (transpiration and soil evaporation), Agric. For. Meteorol., 218, 122, 10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.12.025

Rodrigues, 2015, Predicting grapevine water status based on hyperspectral reflectance vegetation indices, Remote Sens., 7, 16460, 10.3390/rs71215835

Stagakis, 2010, Monitoring canopy biophysical and biochemical parameters in ecosystem scale using satellite hyperspectral imagery: An application on a phlomis fruticosa mediterranean ecosystem using multiangular chris/proba observations, Remote Sens. Environ., 114, 977, 10.1016/j.rse.2009.12.006

Stratoulias, 2015, Assessment of ecophysiology of lake shore reed vegetation based on chlorophyll fluorescence, field spectroscopy and hyperspectral airborne imagery, Remote Sens. Environ., 157, 72, 10.1016/j.rse.2014.05.021

Asner, 2015, Quantifying forest canopy traits: Imaging spectroscopy versus field survey, Remote Sens. Environ., 158, 15, 10.1016/j.rse.2014.11.011

Sawut, 2014, Estimating soil sand content using thermal infrared spectra in arid lands, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinform., 33, 203

Boulesteix, 2006, Partial least squares: A versatile tool for the analysis of high-dimensional genomic data, Brief. Bioinform., 8, 32, 10.1093/bib/bbl016

Martens, H., and Martens, M. (2001). Analysis of two data tables x and y: Partial least squares regression (plsr). Multivariate Analysis of Quality: An Introduction, Wiley.

Feilhauer, 2015, Multi-method ensemble selection of spectral bands related to leaf biochemistry, Remote Sens. Environ., 164, 57, 10.1016/j.rse.2015.03.033

Genty, 1989, The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence, Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA)-Gen. Subj., 990, 87, 10.1016/S0304-4165(89)80016-9

Schaepman, 2006, Reflectance quantities in optical remote sensing—definitions and case studies, Remote Sens. Environ., 103, 27, 10.1016/j.rse.2006.03.002

Gitelson, 2003, Relationships between leaf chlorophyll content and spectral reflectance and algorithms for non-destructive chlorophyll assessment in higher plant leaves, J. Plant Physiol., 160, 271, 10.1078/0176-1617-00887

Gitelson, 2002, Assessing carotenoid content in plant leaves with reflectance spectroscopy, Photochem. Photobiol., 75, 272, 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)075<0272:ACCIPL>2.0.CO;2

Gitelson, 1994, Quantitative estimation of chlorophyll-a using reflectance spectra: Experiments with autumn chestnut and maple leaves, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol., 22, 247, 10.1016/1011-1344(93)06963-4

Rondeaux, 1996, Optimization of soil-adjusted vegetation indices, Remote Sens. Environ., 55, 95, 10.1016/0034-4257(95)00186-7

Miller, 2005, Assessing vineyard condition with hyperspectral indices: Leaf and canopy reflectance simulation in a row-structured discontinuous canopy, Remote Sens. Environ., 99, 271, 10.1016/j.rse.2005.09.002

Penuelas, 1995, Semi-empirical indices to assess carotenoids/chlorophyll a ratio from leaf spectral reflectance, Photosynthetica, 31, 221

Haboudane, 2002, Integrated narrow-band vegetation indices for prediction of crop chlorophyll content for application to precision agriculture, Remote Sens. Environ., 81, 416, 10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00018-4

Gamon, 1994, Reflectance indices associated with physiological changes in nitrogen-and water-limited sunflower leaves, Remote Sens. Environ., 48, 135, 10.1016/0034-4257(94)90136-8

Huete, 2002, Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the modis vegetation indices, Remote Sens. Environ., 83, 195, 10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00096-2

Rouse, J.W., Haas, R., Schell, J., and Deering, D. (1973, January 10–14). Monitoring Vegetation Systems in the Great Plains with Erts. Proceedings of the Third Earth Resources Technology Satellite-1 Symposium, Washington, DC, USA.

Gitelson, 1996, Use of a green channel in remote sensing of global vegetation from eos-modis, Remote Sens. Environ., 58, 289, 10.1016/S0034-4257(96)00072-7

Guyot, 1988, High spectral resolution: Determination of spectral shifts between the red and the near infrared, Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens., 11, 750

Haboudane, 2004, Hyperspectral vegetation indices and novel algorithms for predicting green lai of crop canopies: Modeling and validation in the context of precision agriculture, Remote Sens. Environ., 90, 337, 10.1016/j.rse.2003.12.013

Dobrowski, 2005, Simple reflectance indices track heat and water stress-induced changes in steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence at the canopy scale, Remote Sens. Environ., 97, 403, 10.1016/j.rse.2005.05.006

Barnes, 1992, A reappraisal of the use of dmso for the extraction and determination of chlorophylls a and b in lichens and higher plants, Environ. Exp. Bot., 32, 85, 10.1016/0098-8472(92)90034-Y

Merzlyak, 1999, Non-destructive optical detection of pigment changes during leaf senescence and fruit ripening, Physiol. Plant., 106, 135, 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1999.106119.x

Merton, R., and Huntington, J. (1999, January 9–11). In early simulation results of the aries-1 satellite sensor for multi-temporal vegetation research derived from aviris. Proceedings of the Eighth Annual JPL Airborne Earth Science Workshop, Pasadena, CA, USA.

Filella, 1995, Reflectance assessment of mite effects on apple trees, Int. J. Remote Sens., 16, 2727, 10.1080/01431169508954588

Filella, 1993, The reflectance at the 950–970 nm region as an indicator of plant water status, Int. J. Remote Sens., 14, 1887, 10.1080/01431169308954010

Haaland, 1988, Partial least-squares methods for spectral analyses. 1. Relation to other quantitative calibration methods and the extraction of qualitative information, Anal. Chem., 60, 1193, 10.1021/ac00162a020

Geladi, 1986, Partial least-squares regression: A tutorial, Anal. Chim. Acta, 185, 1, 10.1016/0003-2670(86)80028-9

Martens, H., and Naes, T. (1992). Multivariate Calibration, John Wiley & Sons.

Wold, 2001, Pls-regression: A basic tool of chemomrics, Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst., 58, 109, 10.1016/S0169-7439(01)00155-1

Eriksson, L. (1999). Introduction to Multi-and Megavariate Data Analysis Using Projection Methods (Pca & Pls), Umetrics AB.

Flexas, 2002, Effects of drought on photosynthesis in grapevines under field conditions: An evaluation of stomatal and mesophyll limitations, Funct. Plant Biol., 29, 461, 10.1071/PP01119

Gollan, 1985, The responses of stomata and leaf gas exchange to vapour pressure deficits and soil water content, Oecologia, 65, 356, 10.1007/BF00378909

Socias, 1997, The role of abscisic acid and water relations in drought responses of subterranean clover, J. Exp. Bot., 48, 1281, 10.1093/jxb/48.6.1281

Hunt, 2016, Feasibility of estimating leaf water content using spectral indices from worldview-3’s near-infrared and shortwave infrared bands, Int. J.Remote Sens., 37, 388, 10.1080/01431161.2015.1128575

Ghulam, 2007, A method for canopy water content estimation for highly vegetated surfaces-shortwave infrared perpendicular water stress index, Sci. China Ser. D Earth Sci., 50, 1359, 10.1007/s11430-007-0086-9

Chen, 2009, Estimating aboveground biomass of grassland having a high canopy cover: An exploratory analysis of in situ hyperspectral data, Int. J.Remote Sens., 30, 6497, 10.1080/01431160902882496

Cho, 2007, Estimation of green grass/herb biomass from airborne hyperspectral imagery using spectral indices and partial least squares regression, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinform., 9, 414

Cowan, I., and Farquhar, G. (1977). Stomatal Functioning in Relation to Leaf Metabolism and Environment. Integration of Activity in the Higher Plant, Cambridge University Press.

Anjum, 2011, Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress, Afr. J. Agric. Res., 6, 2026

Chaves, 2003, Understanding plant responses to drought—From genes to the whole plant, Funct. Plant Biol., 30, 239, 10.1071/FP02076

Xu, 2008, Responses of leaf stomatal density to water status and its relationship with photosynthesis in a grass, J. Exp. Bot., 59, 3317, 10.1093/jxb/ern185

2013, Relationships between net photosynthesis and steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence retrieved from airborne hyperspectral imagery, Remote Sens. Environ., 136, 247, 10.1016/j.rse.2013.05.011

Flexas, 2002, Steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence (fs) measurements as a tool to follow variations of net co2 assimilation and stomatal conductance during water-stress in c3 plants, Physiol. Plant., 114, 231, 10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1140209.x

Sellers, 1992, Canopy reflectance, photosynthesis, and transpiration. Iii. A reanalysis using improved leaf models and a new canopy integration scheme, Remote Sens. Environ., 42, 187, 10.1016/0034-4257(92)90102-P

Myneni, 1992, Remote sensing of vegetation canopy photosynthetic and stomatal conductance efficiencies, Remote Sens. Environ., 42, 217, 10.1016/0034-4257(92)90103-Q

Verma, 1993, Photosynthesis and stomatal conductance related to reflectance on the canopy scale, Remote Sens. Environ., 44, 103, 10.1016/0034-4257(93)90106-8

Carter, 1998, Reflectance wavebands and indices for remote estimation of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in pine canopies, Remote Sens. Environ., 63, 61, 10.1016/S0034-4257(97)00110-7

Davies, 1991, Root signals and the regulation of growth and development of plants in drying soil, Ann. Rev. Plant Biol., 42, 55, 10.1146/annurev.pp.42.060191.000415

Matsumoto, 2005, Dependence of stomatal conductance on leaf chlorophyll concentration and meteorological variables, Agric. For. Meteorol., 132, 44, 10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.07.001

Medrano, 2002, Regulation of photosynthesis of c3 plants in response to progressive drought: Stomatal conductance as a reference parameter, Ann. Bot., 89, 895, 10.1093/aob/mcf079

Oren, 1999, Survey and synthesis of intra-and interspecific variation in stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit, Plant Cell Environ., 22, 1515, 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00513.x

Bowman, 1989, The relationship between leaf water status, gas exchange, and spectral reflectance in cotton leaves, Remote Sens. Environ., 30, 249, 10.1016/0034-4257(89)90066-7

Maas, 1989, Reflectance, transmittance, and absorptance of light by normal, etiolated, and albino corn leaves, Agron. J., 81, 105, 10.2134/agronj1989.00021962008100010019x

Adams, 1999, Yellowness index: An application of spectral second derivatives to estimate chlorosis of leaves in stressed vegetation, Int. J.Remote Sens., 20, 3663, 10.1080/014311699211264

Globe, D. (2009). The Benefits of the 8 Spectral Bands of Worldview-2, Digital Globe. White Paper.

Zengeya, 2013, Linking remotely sensed forage quality estimates from worldview-2 multispectral data with cattle distribution in a savanna landscape, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinform., 21, 513

McMurtrey, 1994, Distinguishing nitrogen fertilization levels in field corn (Zea mays L.) with actively induced fluorescence and passive reflectance measurements, Remote Sens. Environ., 47, 36, 10.1016/0034-4257(94)90125-2

Yoder, 1994, The normalized difference vegetation index of small douglas-fir canopies with varying chlorophyll concentrations, Remote Sens. Environ., 49, 81, 10.1016/0034-4257(94)90061-2

Buschmann, 2001, Imaging of the blue, green, and red fluorescence emission of plants: An overview, Photosynthetica, 38, 483, 10.1023/A:1012440903014

Papageorgiou, G.C. (2007). Chlorophyll A Fluorescence: A Signature of Photosynthesis, Springer Science & Business Media.

Gitelson, 1998, Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence corrected for re-absorption by means of absorption and reflectance measurements, J. Plant Physiol., 152, 283, 10.1016/S0176-1617(98)80143-0

Lichtenthaler, 1998, Plant stress detection by reflectance and fluorescencea, Ann. N. Y. Acad.Sci., 851, 271, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09002.x

Adams, 1996, The role of xanthophyll cycle carotenoids in the protection of photosynthesis, Trends Plant Sci., 1, 21, 10.1016/S1360-1385(96)80019-7

Flexas, 1999, Water stress induces different levels of photosynthesis and electron transport rate regulation in grapevines, Plant Cell Environ., 22, 39, 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00371.x

Gamon, 1997, The photochemical reflectance index: An optical indicator of photosynthetic radiation use efficiency across species, functional types, and nutrient levels, Oecologia, 112, 492, 10.1007/s004420050337

Penuelas, 1995, Assessment of photosynthetic radiation-use efficiency with spectral reflectance, New Phytol., 131, 291, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03064.x

Wong, 2015, Three causes of variation in the photochemical reflectance index (pri) in evergreen conifers, New Phytol., 206, 187, 10.1111/nph.13159

Hilker, 2008, Separating physiologically and directionally induced changes in pri using brdf models, Remote Sens. Environ., 112, 2777, 10.1016/j.rse.2008.01.011

Barton, 2001, Remote sensing of canopy light use efficiency using the photochemical reflectance index: Model and sensitivity analysis, Remote Sens. Environ., 78, 264, 10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00224-3

Evans, J.R. (1989). The allocation of protein nitrogen in the photosynthetic apparatus: Costs, consequences and control. Photosynthesis, Alan R. Liss Inc.

Inoue, 2016, Simple and robust methods for remote sensing of canopy chlorophyll content: A comparative analysis of hyperspectral data for different types of vegetation, Plant Cell Environ., 39, 2609, 10.1111/pce.12815

Atzberger, 2010, Comparative analysis of three chemometric techniques for the spectroradiometric assessment of canopy chlorophyll content in winter wheat, Comput. Electron. Agric., 73, 165, 10.1016/j.compag.2010.05.006

Hansen, 2003, Reflectance measurement of canopy biomass and nitrogen status in wheat crops using normalized difference vegetation indices and partial least squares regression, Remote Sens. Environ., 86, 542, 10.1016/S0034-4257(03)00131-7

Ali, 2015, Review of machine learning approaches for biomass and soil moisture retrievals from remote sensing data, Remote Sens., 7, 16398, 10.3390/rs71215841

Doktor, 2014, Extraction of plant physiological status from hyperspectral signatures using machine learning methods, Remote Sens., 6, 12247, 10.3390/rs61212247