Dynamics of wheat spindle streak mosaic bymovirus in winter wheat

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 103 - Trang 313-321 - 1997
Juliet E. Carroll1, Gary C. Bergstrom1, Stewart M. Gray2
1Department of Plant Pathology, USA
2USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA

Tóm tắt

The dynamics of wheat spindle streak mosaic bymovirus in winter wheat were studied during two crop cycles in a field site with a history of high virus incidence. Individual plants of two susceptible cultivars were sampled from autumn to spring and the presence of virus antigen in roots and leaves was determined by ELISA. Virus incidence was higher in cv. Frankenmuth than in cv. Augusta. During year one, incidence of viral antigen in roots remained very low for four months after sowing, and did not reach maximum levels until the following spring. During year two, incidence of viral antigen in roots rose to maximum levels in autumn, only three months after sowing. These results strongly suggested that root infection occurred in spring as well as in autumn. In both cultivars and in both years, we detected the virus in roots one month prior to its detection in leaves, suggesting that virus moves slowly from roots into leaves. Maximum incidence of virus in leaves occurred in spring of both years, coinciding with the period of symptom development. Typical symptoms (yellow streaks, spindles, and mosaic) were observed in year two, whereas only mild mosaic was observed in year one. Virus antigen was detected in nonsymptomatic leaves from two months after sowing through crop senescence. Because antigen could be detected in roots throughout the crop cycle, and zoosporangia and cystosori of the fungal vector could be detected one and two months, respectively, after sowing, it is possible that wheat spindle streak mosaic bymovirus is acquired and/or spread by the vector during the majority of the crop cycle.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Adams MJ (1990) Epidemiology of fungally-transmitted viruses. Soil Use and Management 6: 184–189

Adams MJ, Swaby AG and Jones P (1988) Confirmation of the transmission of barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) by the fungus Polymyxa graminis. Annals of Applied Biology 112: 133–141

Bergstrom GC, Sorrells ME and Cox TS (1994) Resistance of winter wheat cultivars and breeding lines to wheat spindle streak mosaic virus under natural infection in New York, 1993. Biological and Cultural Tests for Control of Plant Diseases 9: 128

Brakke MK, Langenberg WG and Samson RG(1982)Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus in Nebraska. Plant Disease 66: 958–959

Carroll JE, Gray SM and Bergstrom GC (1995) Antiserum to a New York isolate of wheat spindle streak mosaic virus detects related bymoviruses from North America, Europe, and Asia. Plant Disease 79: 346–353

Cunfer BM, Demski JW and Bays DC (1988) Reduction in plant development, yield, and grain quality associated with wheat spindle streak mosaic virus. Phytopathology 78: 198–204

Hooper GR and Wiese MV (1972) Cytoplasmic inclusions in wheat affected by wheat spindle streak mosaic. Virology 47: 664–672

Jackson AO, Bracker CE and Shaner G (1976) Mechanical transmission, varietal reactions and electron microscopy of a disease in Indiana with properties of wheat spindle streak mosaic. Plant Disease Reporter 60: 202–206

Jackson AO, Bracker CE, Huber DM, Scott DH and Shaner G(1975) The occurrence and transmission of a disease in Indiana with properties of wheat spindle streak mosaic virus. Plant Disease Reporter 59: 790–794

Ledingham GA (1939) Studies on Polymyxa graminis, n. gen. n. sp., a plasmodiophoraceous root parasite of wheat. Canadian Journal of Research C 17: 38–51

Lommel SA, Willis WG and Kendall TL (1986) Identification of wheat spindle streak mosaic virus and its role in a new disease of winter wheat in Kansas. Plant Disease 70: 964–968

Miller NR, Bergstrom GC and Sorrells ME (1992) Effect of wheat spindle streak mosaic on yield of winter wheat in New York. Phytopathology 82: 852–857

Miller NR, Bergstrom GC, Sorrells ME and Cox WJ (1990) Resistance of winter wheat cultivars to wheat spindle streak mosaic virus: Results of a field plot experiment and an on-farm survey in New York, 1989. Biological and Cultural Tests for Control of Plant Diseases 5: 73 Minitab Data Analysis Software Release 6.1.1-Standard Version (1987) Minitab Inc., State College, PA

Nguyen HT and Pfeifer RP (1980) Effects of wheat spindle streak mosaic virus on winter wheat. Plant Disease 64: 181–184

Rao AS (1968) Biology of Polymyxa graminis in relation to soil-borne wheat mosaic virus. Phytopathology 58: 1516–1521

Schenck P, Sohn A, Adams MJ, Antoniw JF, Hamacher J and Steinbiss HH (1995) Movement of bymoviruses and functions of RNA2-encoded proteins of barley yellow mosaic virus. Agronomie 15: 387–391

Slykhuis JT (1970) Factors determining the development of wheat spindle streak mosaic caused by a soil-borne virus in Ontario. Phytopathology 60: 319–331

Slykhuis JT (1975a) Factors critical to mechanical transmissibility of wheat spindle streak mosaic virus. Phytopathology 65: 582–584

Slykhuis JT (1975b) Seasonal transmission of wheat spindle streak mosaic virus. Phytopathology 65: 1133–1136

Slykhuis JT (1976) Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus. CMI/AAB Descriptions of Plant Viruses No. 167

Slykhuis JT and Barr DJS (1978) Confirmation of Polymyxa graminis as a vector of wheat spindle streak mosaic virus. Phytopathology 68: 639–643

Slykhuis JT and Polack Z (1969) Verification of wheat spindle streak mosaic virus in Ontario. Canadian Plant Disease Survey 49: 108–111

Usugi T and Saito Y (1976) Purification and serological properties of barley yellow mosaic virus and wheat yellow mosaic virus. Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan 42: 12–20 (in Japanese)

Wiese MV and Hooper GR (1971) Soil transmission and electron microscopy of wheat spindle streak mosaic. Phytopathology 61: 331–332

Wiese MV, Saari EG, Clayton J and Ellingboe AH (1970) Occurrence of wheat streak mosaic and a new variegation disorder, wheat spindle streak mosaic, in Michigan wheat. Plant Disease Reporter 54: 635–637

Williams AS, Pirone TP, Slykhuis JT and Tutt CR (1975) Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus in Kentucky. Plant Disease Reporter 59: 888–889

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Tập 103

313-321

Thông tin tác giả