Drowning mortality by intent: a population-based cross-sectional study of 32 OECD countries, 2012–2014

BMJ Open - Tập 8 Số 7 - Trang e021501 - 2018
Wan-Hua Hsieh1, Chien-Hsing Wang2, Tsung‐Hsueh Lu3
1Department of Public Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
2Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Trauma Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
3NCKU Research Center for Health Data and Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

Tóm tắt

ObjectiveTo compare the drowning mortality rates and proportion of deaths of each intent among all drowning deaths in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries in 2012–2014.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study.Setting32 OECD countries.ParticipantsIndividuals in OECD countries who died from drowning.Main outcome measuresDrowning mortality rates (deaths per 100 000 population) and proportion (%) of deaths of each intent (ie, unintentional intent, intentional self-harm, assault, undetermined intent and all intents combined) among all drowning deaths.ResultsCountries with the highest drowning mortality rates (deaths per 100 000 population) were Estonia (3.53), Japan (3.49) and Greece (2.40) for unintentional intent; Ireland (0.96), Belgium (0.96) and Korea (0.89) for intentional self-harm; Austria (0.57), Korea (0.56) and Hungary (0.44) for undetermined intent and Japan (4.35), Estonia (3.70) and Korea (2.73) for all intents combined. Korea ranked 12th and 3rd for unintentional intent and all intents combined, respectively. By contrast, Belgium ranked 2nd and 15th for intentional self-harm and all intents combined, respectively. The proportion of deaths of each intent among all drowning deaths in each country varied greatly: from 26.2% in Belgium to 96.8% in Chile for unintentional intent; 0.7% in Mexico to 57.4% in Belgium for intentional self-harm; 0.0% in nine countries to 4.9% in Mexico for assault and 0.0% in Israel and Turkey to 38.3% in Austria for undetermined intent.ConclusionsA large variation in the practice of classifying undetermined intent in drowning deaths across countries was noted and this variation hinders valid international comparisons of intent-specific (unintentional and intentional self-harm) drowning mortality rates.

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BMJ Open

Tập 8 Số 7

e021501

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