Doping

Azzazy HM, Mansour MM, Christenson RH (2005) Doping in the recombinant era: strategies and counterstrategies. Clin Biochem 38: 959–965 Bahrke MS, Yesalios CE, Wright JE (1996) Psychological and behavioural effects of endogenous testosterone and anabolic-androgenic steroids. Sports Med 22: 367–390 Barton-Davis ER, Shoturma DI, Musaro A et al. (1998) Viral mediated expression of insulin-like growth factor I blocks the aging-related loss of skeletal muscle function. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95: 15603–15607 Baume N, Saudan C, Desmarchlier A et al. (2006) Use of isotope ratio mass spectrometry to detect doping with oral testosterone undecanoate: inter-individual variablility of 13C/12C ratio. Steroids 71: 364–370 Beckett AH (1992) Clenbuterol and sport. Lancet 340: 1165 Beullens M, Delanghe JR, Bollen M (2006) False positive detection of recombinant human erythropoietin in urine following strenuous physical exercise. Blood 107: 4711–4713 Bidlingmaier M, Wu Z, Strasburger CJ (2000) Test method: GH. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 14: 99–109 Blackman MR, Sorkin JD, Munzer T et al. (2002) Growth hormone and sex steroid administration in healthy aged women and men: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 288: 2282–2292 Bokemeyer C, Lipp HP (2002) Darbepoetin alfa (NESP) – ein neues, erythropoetisch wirksames Protein. Arzneimitteltherapie 20: 34–38 Catlin DH, Sekera MH, Ahrens BD et al. (2004) Tetrahydrogestrinone: discovery, synthesis, and detection in urine. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 18: 1245–1249 Dall R, Longobardi S, Ehrnborg C et al. (2000) The effect of four weeks of supraphysiological growth hormone administration on the insulin-like growth factor axis in women and men. GH-2000 Study Group. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85: 4193–4200 Dalton JT, Mukherjee A, Zhu Z et al. (1998) Discovery of nonsteroidal androgens. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 244: 1–4 Dawson RT (2001) Drugs in sport – the role of the physician. J Endocrinol 170: 55–61 Deicher R, Horl WH (2004) Differentiating factors between erythropoiesis-stimulating agents: a guide to selection for anaemia of chronic kidney disease. Drugs 64: 499–509 Dickhuth HH, Striegel H (2002) Doping und Medizinsystem – welche Rolle spielt die Sportmedizin? In: Digel H, Dickhuth HH (Hrsg) Doping im Sport. Attempto, Tübingen, S 87–97 Eklof AC, Thurelius AM, Garle M et al. (2003) The anti-doping hot-line, a means to capture the abuse of doping agents in the Swedish society and a new service function in clinical pharmacology. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 59: 571–577 Ferguson GT, Funck-Brentano C, Fischer T et al. (2003) Cardiovascular safety of salmeterol in COPD. Chest 123: 1817–1824 Handelsman DJ (2004) Designer androgens in sport: when too much is never enough. Sci STKE 244: pe41 Hartgens F, Kuipers H (2004) Effects of androgenic-anabolic steroids in athletes. Sports Med 34: 513–554 Haupt HA (1993) Anabolic stroids and groth hormone. Am J Sports Med 21: 468–474 Kanayama G, Gruber AJ, Pope HG et al. (2001) Over-the-counter drug use in gymnasiums: an underrecognized sustance abuse problem? Psychother Psychosom 70: 137–140 Kearbey JD, Gao W, Narayanan R et al. (2007) Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator (SARM) treatment prevents bone loss and reduces body fat in ovariectomized rats. Pharm Res 24: 328–335 Lasne F, DeCeaurriz J (2000) Recombinant erythropoietin in urine. Nature 405: 635 Lasne F, Martin L, Ceaurriz J de et al. (2004) „Genetic Doping“ with erythropoietin cDNA in primate muscle is detectable. Mol Ther 10: 409–410 Laure P (1997) Epidemiologic approach of doping in sport – a review. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 37: 218–224 Lee S, Barton ER, Sweeney HL, Farrar RP (2004) Viral expression of insulin-like growth factor-I enhances muscle hypertrophy in resistance-trained rats. J Appl Physiol 96: 1097–1104 Motteram DR (1999) Banned drugs in sport. Sports Med 27: 1–10 Nationale Anti-Doping Agentur Deutschland (NADA) (2006) Dopingbilanz der NADA für den deutschen Sport 2005. http://www.nada-bonn.de Nieminen MS, Ramo MP, Viitasalo M et al. (1996) Serious cardiovascular side effects of large doses of anabolic steroids in weight lifters. Eur Heart J 17: 1576–1583 Pincock S (2005) Feature: Gene doping. Lancet (Suppl 1) 366: S18–S19 Ritsch M, Mußhoff F (2000) Gefahren und Risiken von Schwarzmarktanabolika im Sport – eine gaschromatographisch-massenspektrometrische Analyse. Sportverl Sportschad 14: 1–11 Saugy M, Robinson N, Saudan C et al. (2006) Human growth hormone doping in sport. Br J Sports Med (Suppl 1) 40: i35–i39 Schänzer W (2000) Dopingkontrollen und aktueller Stand der Nachweismethoden. Dtsch Z Sportmed 51: 260–266 Sonksen PH (2001) Insulin, growth hormone and sport. J Endocrinol 170: 13–25 Striegel H, Simon P, Frisch S et al. (2006) Anabolic ergogenic substance users in fitness-sports: a distinct group supported by the health care system. Drug Alcohol Depend 81: 11–19 Striegel H, Vollkommer G, Dickhuth HH (2002) Combating drug use in competitive sports – an analysis from the athletes‘ perspective. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 42: 354–359 Sweeney HL (2004) Gene Doping. Sci Am 291: 62–69 Thevis M, Kamber M, Schanzer W (2006) Screening for metabolically stable aryl-propionamide-derived selective androgen receptor modulators for doping control purposes. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 20: 870–876 World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) (2006) List of prohibited substances and methods. http://www.wada-ama.org Wu D, Wu Z, Yang J et al. (2006) Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of a selective androgen receptor modulator in rats: implication of molecular properties and intensive metabolic profile to investigate ideal pharmacokinetic characteristics of a propanamide in preclinical study. Drug Metab Dispos 34: 483–494