Diversity of wild bees in wet meadows: Implications for conservation

Wetlands - Tập 28 - Trang 975-983 - 2008
Dawid Moroń1, Hajnalka Szentgyörgyi1, Marta Wantuch1, Waldemar Celary2, Catrin Westphal3, Josef Settele4, Michal Woyciechowski1
1Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
2Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
3Department of Animal Ecology I Population Ecology Group, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
4Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Halle, Germany

Tóm tắt

Substantial industrial development, agricultural intensification, and an increasing human population have led to the demise of many seminatural habitats, such as wet meadows, in many countries of Europe. This process can cause the extinction and decline of associated insect species. The present paper is the first study analyzing wild bee diversity and abundance patterns in wet meadows. We surveyed bees using pan traps, transect walks, and nest traps in four Molinietum (Poaceae) meadows near Kraków, Poland. During one season, we identified a relatively high γ-diversity of wild bees, consisting of 105 species (13 from the Polish Red List) belonging to 22 genera, which represent almost one-fourth of the Polish bees. The wild bee fauna between sites was not variable, which was indicated by low ß-diversity. We found that nesting preference of bees did not differ between the study area and xerothermic meadows, which suggests that differentiation in bee fauna of wet and dry grasslands is mostly due to food specialization rather than nesting preference. Abundance analysis of the bee community showed that the least abundant species were disproportionately comprised of oligolectic species, indicating that species closely associated to plants of wet meadows are especially threatened. Moreover, using occurrence data we found that 34% of the species belonging to the families Halictidae, Melittidae, and the tribe Nomadini found in wet meadows are considered rare in Poland. Our results highlight an urgent need to perform further investigations and develop specific protection plans for bees not only in Kraków’s Molinietum meadows, but also in wetlands throughout Europe.

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Wetlands

Tập 28

975-983

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