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Sự đa dạng hóa và tiến hóa trình tự thích ứng của lysozymes Caenorhabditis (Nematoda: Rhabditidae)
Tóm tắt
Lysozymes là các enzym mô hình quan trọng trong nghiên cứu y sinh với sự phân bố phân loại phổ biến từ virus (phages) đến thực vật và động vật. Chức năng chính của chúng có vẻ là chống lại các tác nhân gây bệnh, mặc dù một số còn được cho là liên quan đến tiêu hóa. Trong khi hầu hết các sinh vật chỉ có một vài gen lysozyme, giun đũa thuộc chi Caenorhabditis lại sở hữu một bộ gen đa dạng đáng ngạc nhiên với tối đa là 15 gen. Chúng tôi đã sử dụng suy diễn phát sinh chủng loại và các công cụ phân tích trình tự để đánh giá sự tiến hóa của lysozymes từ ba loài giun đũa đồng genus, Caenorhabditis elegans, C. briggsae, và C. remanei. Các lysozymes của chúng rơi vào ba nhánh phân loại khác nhau, một nhánh thuộc loại động vật không xương sống và hai nhánh còn lại thuộc loại lysozyme protist. Sự đa dạng hóa của chúng được đặc trưng bởi (i) sự sao chép gen tổ tiên trước khi tách biệt loài, tiếp theo là sự duy trì các gen, (ii) sự sao chép tổ tiên tiếp theo là sự mất gen ở một số loài, và (iii) sự sao chép gần đây sau khi các loài phân tách. Cả sự sao chép gen tổ tiên và sự sao chép gần đây đều liên quan đến trong một số trường hợp với đặc điểm của sự tiến hóa trình tự thích ứng, cho thấy rằng chọn lọc đa dạng đã đóng góp vào sự khác biệt của lysozyme. Dữ liệu hiện tại mạnh mẽ cho thấy rằng sự đa dạng di truyền chuyển thành sự đa dạng chức năng. Sự sao chép gen là một nguồn lớn của đổi mới tiến hóa. Phân tích của chúng tôi cung cấp một khung tiến hóa để hiểu sự đa dạng hóa của lysozymes thông qua sự sao chép gen và sự khác biệt tiếp theo.
Từ khóa
#Lysozyme #Giun đũa #Đa dạng hóa #Tiến hóa #Sao chép genTài liệu tham khảo
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