Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction using extraction solvent lighter than water

Journal of Separation Science - Tập 32 Số 18 - Trang 3191-3200 - 2009
Mir Ali Farajzadeh1, Seyed Esmaeil Seyedi2, Mohammad Safi Shalamzari3, Mehdi Bamorowat4
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Fax: +98-411-3340191
3Research and Service Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
4GYAH Corporation, Garmdarreh, Tehran, Iran

Tóm tắt

AbstractFor the first time a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method on the basis of an extraction solvent lighter than water was presented in this study. Three organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) were selected as model compounds and the proposed method was carried out for their preconcentration from water samples. In this extraction method, a mixture of cyclohexane (extraction solvent) and acetone (disperser) is rapidly injected into the aqueous sample in a special vessel (see experimental section) by syringe. Thereby, a cloudy solution is formed. In this step, the OPPs are extracted into the fine droplets of cyclohexane dispersed into aqueous phase. After centrifuging the fine droplets of cyclohexane are collected on the upper of the extraction vessel. The upper phase (0.40 μL) is injected into the gas chromatograph (GC) for separation. Analytes were detected by a flame ionization detector (FID) (for high concentrations) or MS (for low concentrations). Some important parameters, such as the kind of extraction and dispersive solvents and volume of them, extraction time, temperature, and salt amount were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors (EFs) ranged from 100 to 150 and extraction recoveries varied between 68 and 105%, both of which are relatively high over those of published methods. The linear ranges were wide (10–100 000 μg/L for GC‐FID and 0.01–1 μg/L for GC‐MS) and LODs were low (3–4 μg/L for GC‐FID and 0.003 μg/L for GC‐MS). The RSDs for 100.0 μg/L of each OPP in water were in the range of 5.3–7.8% (n = 5).

Từ khóa


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Journal of Separation Science

Tập 32 Số 18

3191-3200

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