Disordered Fat Storage and Mobilization in the Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes
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Hennes, 1997, Effects of free fatty acids and glucose on splanchnic insulin dynamics., Diabetes, 46, 57, 10.2337/diab.46.1.57
Carpentier, 1999, Acute enhancement of insulin secretion by FFA is lost with prolonged FFA elevation, Am J Physiol, 276, E1055
Boden, 1995, Effects of a 48-h fat infusion on insulin secretion and glucose utilization., Diabetes, 44, 1239, 10.2337/diab.44.10.1239
Svedberg, 1990, Free-fatty acid inhibition of insulin binding, degradation, and action in isolated rat hepatocytes., Diabetes, 39, 570, 10.2337/diab.39.5.570
Hennes, 1990, Receptor and postreceptor effects of free fatty acids (FFA) on hepatocyte insulin dynamics., Int J Obes, 14, 831
Svedberg, 1991, Prevention of inhibitory effect of free fatty acids on insulin binding and action in isolated rat hepatocytes by etomoxir., Diabetes, 40, 783, 10.2337/diab.40.6.783
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Mittelman, 2000, Longitudinal compensation for fat-induced insulin resistance includes reduced insulin clearance and enhanced β-cell response., Diabetes, 49, 2116, 10.2337/diabetes.49.12.2116
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McGarry, 1999, Fatty acids, lipotoxicity and insulin secretion., Diabetologia, 42, 128, 10.1007/s001250051130
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Dobbins, 1998, Circulating fatty acids are essential for efficient glucose-stimulated insulin secretion after prolonged fasting in humans., Diabetes, 47, 1613, 10.2337/diabetes.47.10.1613
Boden, 1998, Acute lowering of plasma fatty acids lowers basal insulin secretion in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects., Diabetes, 47, 1609, 10.2337/diabetes.47.10.1609
Corkey, 2000, The role of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters in β-cell signal transduction., J Nutr, 130, 299, 10.1093/jn/130.2.299S
Alcazar, 1997, Stimulation of islet protein kinase C translocation by palmitate requires metabolism of the fatty acid., Diabetes, 46, 1153, 10.2337/diab.46.7.1153
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Dobbins, 1998, A fatty acid-dependent step is critically important for both glucose- and non-glucose-stimulated insulin secretion., J Clin Invest, 101, 2370, 10.1172/JCI1813
Tang, 2000, Transgenic mice with increased hexosamine flux specifically targeted to β-cells exhibit hyperinsulinemia and peripheral insulin resistance., Diabetes, 49, 1492, 10.2337/diabetes.49.9.1492
Sako, 1990, A 48-hour lipid infusion in the rat time-dependently inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion and B cell oxidation through a process likely coupled to fatty acid oxidation., Endocrinology, 127, 1580, 10.1210/endo-127-4-1580
Zhou, 1994, Long-term exposure of rat pancreatic islets to fatty acids inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion and biosynthesis through a glucose fatty acid cycle, J Clin Invest, 93, 870, 10.1172/JCI117042
Zhou, 1995, Palmitate-induced β-cell insensitivity to glucose is coupled to decreased pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and enhanced kinase activity in rat pancreatic islets., Diabetes, 44, 394, 10.2337/diab.44.4.394
Hirose, 1996, Defective fatty acid-mediated β-cell compensation in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Pathogenic implications for obesity-dependent diabetes., J Biol Chem, 271, 5633, 10.1074/jbc.271.10.5633
Assimacopoulos-Jeannet, 1997, Fatty acids rapidly induce the carnitine palmitoyltransferase I gene in the pancreatic β-cell line INS-1., J Biol Chem, 272, 1659, 10.1074/jbc.272.3.1659
Liang, 1997, Chronic effect of fatty acids on insulin release is not through the alteration of glucose metabolism in a pancreatic β-cell line (β HC9)., Diabetologia, 40, 1018, 10.1007/s001250050783
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Chen, 1999, Fatty acid inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is enhanced in pancreatic islets from insulin-resistant rats., Metabolism, 48, 1314, 10.1016/S0026-0495(99)90273-1
Carlsson, 1999, Sodium palmitate induces partial mitochondrial uncoupling and reactive oxygen species in rat pancreatic islets in vitro., Endocrinology, 140, 3422, 10.1210/endo.140.8.6908
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Zhou, 1995, Long term exposure to fatty acids and ketones inhibits B-cell functions in human pancreatic islets of Langerhans., J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 80, 1584
Unger, 1995, Lipotoxicity in the pathogenesis of obesity-dependent NIDDM, Genetic and clinical implications. Diabetes, 44, 863
Carpentier, 2001, Effect of elevated plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) on arginine-stimulated insulin secretion in obese humans., Diabetologia, 44, 1989, 10.1007/s001250100002
Gremlich, 1997, Fatty acids decrease IDX-1 expression in rat pancreatic islets and reduce GLUT2, glucokinase, insulin, and somatostatin levels., J Biol Chem, 272, 30261, 10.1074/jbc.272.48.30261
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Branstrom, 1998, Long chain coenzyme A esters activate the pore-forming subunit (Kir6. 2) of the ATP-regulated potassium channel., J Biol Chem, 273, 31395, 10.1074/jbc.273.47.31395
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Corbett, 1991, Interleukin-1 β-induced formation of EPR-detectable iron-nitrosyl complexes in islets of Langerhans. Role of nitric oxide in interleukin-1 β-induced inhibition of insulin secretion., J Biol Chem, 266, 21351, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)54642-1
Sjoholm, 1995, Ceramide inhibits pancreatic β-cell insulin production and mitogenesis and mimics the actions of interleukin-1 β., FEBS Lett, 367, 283, 10.1016/0014-5793(95)00470-T
Ritz-Laser, 1999, Glucose-induced preproinsulin gene expression is inhibited by the free fatty acid palmitate., Endocrinology, 140, 4005, 10.1210/endo.140.9.6953
Furukawa, 1999, Long-term elevation of free fatty acids leads to delayed processing of proinsulin and prohormone convertases 2 and 3 in the pancreatic β-cell line MIN6., Diabetes, 48, 1395, 10.2337/diabetes.48.7.1395
Shimabukuro, 1998, Fatty acid-induced β cell apoptosis: a link between obesity and diabetes., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95, 2498, 10.1073/pnas.95.5.2498
Shimabukuro, 1998, Lipoapoptosis in β-cells of obese prediabetic fa/fa rats. Role of serine palmitoyltransferase overexpression., J Biol Chem, 273, 32487, 10.1074/jbc.273.49.32487
Tanaka, 1999, Prevention of glucose toxicity in HIT-T15 cells and Zucker diabetic fatty rats by antioxidants., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 96, 10857, 10.1073/pnas.96.19.10857
Kaneto, 1999, Beneficial effects of antioxidants in diabetes: possible protection of pancreatic β-cells against glucose toxicity., Diabetes, 48, 2398, 10.2337/diabetes.48.12.2398
Jacqueminet, 2000, Inhibition of insulin gene expression by long-term exposure of pancreatic β cells to palmitate is dependent on the presence of a stimulatory glucose concentration., Metabolism, 49, 532, 10.1016/S0026-0495(00)80021-9
Briaud, 2001, Lipotoxicity of the pancreatic β cell is associated with glucose- dependent esterification of fatty acids into neutral lipids., Diabetes, 50, 315, 10.2337/diabetes.50.2.315
Roche, 1998, Long-term exposure of β-INS cells to high glucose concentrations increases anaplerosis, lipogenesis, and lipogenic gene expression., Diabetes, 47, 1086, 10.2337/diabetes.47.7.1086
Roduit, 2000, Glucose down-regulates the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α gene in the pancreatic β-cell., J Biol Chem, 275, 35799, 10.1074/jbc.M006001200
Mulder, 1999, Hormone-sensitive lipase, the rate-limiting enzyme in triglyceride hydrolysis, is expressed and active in β-cells., Diabetes, 48, 228, 10.2337/diabetes.48.1.228
Wang, 1998, Overexpression of leptin receptors in pancreatic islets of Zucker diabetic fatty rats restores GLUT-2, glucokinase, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95, 11921, 10.1073/pnas.95.20.11921
Higa, 1999, Troglitazone prevents mitochondrial alterations, β cell destruction, and diabetes in obese prediabetic rats., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 96, 11513, 10.1073/pnas.96.20.11513
Chan, 2001, Increased uncoupling protein-2 levels in β-cells are associated with impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion: mechanism of action., Diabetes, 50, 1302, 10.2337/diabetes.50.6.1302
Wang, 1999, Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of uncoupling protein-2 in pancreatic islets of Zucker diabetic rats increases oxidative activity and improves β-cell function., Diabetes, 48, 1020, 10.2337/diabetes.48.5.1020
Kahn, 1993, Quantification of the relationship between insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in human subjects. Evidence for a hyperbolic function., Diabetes, 42, 1663, 10.2337/diab.42.11.1663
Magnan, 1999, Lipid infusion lowers sympathetic nervous activity and leads to increased β-cell responsiveness to glucose., J Clin Invest, 103, 413, 10.1172/JCI3883
Paolisso, 1998, Lowering fatty acids potentiates acute insulin response in first degree relatives of people with type II diabetes., Diabetologia, 41, 1127, 10.1007/s001250051041
Carpentier, 2000, Prolonged elevation of plasma free fatty acids impairs pancreatic β-cell function in obese nondiabetic humans but not in individuals with type 2 diabetes., Diabetes, 49, 399, 10.2337/diabetes.49.3.399
Mason, 1999, A prolonged elevation of plasma free fatty acids desensitises the insulin secretory response to glucose in vivo in rats., Diabetes, 48, 524, 10.2337/diabetes.48.3.524
Dobbins, 2001
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Pareja, 1997, Unsaturated fatty acids alter the insulin secretion response of the islets of Langerhans in vitro., Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 38, 143, 10.1016/S0168-8227(97)00103-4
Smith, 1997, Electrogenic arginine transport mediates stimulus-secretion coupling in mouse pancreatic β-cells., J Physiol, 499, 625, 10.1113/jphysiol.1997.sp021955
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Fuccella, 1980, Inhibition of lipolysis by nicotinic acid and by acipimox., Clin Pharmacol Ther, 28, 790, 10.1038/clpt.1980.236
Christie, 1996, Mechanism of anti-lipolytic action of acipimox in isolated rat adipocytes., Diabetologia, 39, 45, 10.1007/BF00400412
Puhakainen, 1993, Inhibition of lipolysis decreases lipid oxidation and gluconeogenesis from lactate but not fasting hyperglycemia or total hepatic glucose production in NIDDM., Diabetes, 42, 1694, 10.2337/diab.42.12.1694
Fulcher, 1992, Metabolic effects of suppression of nonesterified fatty acid levels with acipimox in obese NIDDM subjects., Diabetes, 41, 1400, 10.2337/diab.41.11.1400
Saloranta, 1991, Modulation of hepatic glucose production by non-esterified fatty acids in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus., Diabetologia, 34, 409, 10.1007/BF00403179
Vaag, 1992, Effects of prolonged acipimox treatment on glucose and lipid metabolism and on in vivo insulin sensitivity in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus., Acta Endocrinol (Copenh), 127, 344, 10.1530/acta.0.1270344
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Farrer, 1992, Effect of acute inhibition of lipolysis on operation of the glucose-fatty acid cycle in hepatic cirrhosis., Metabolism, 41, 465, 10.1016/0026-0495(92)90202-L
Vaag, 1991, Effect of the antilipolytic nicotinic acid analogue acipimox on whole-body and skeletal muscle glucose metabolism in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus., J Clin Invest, 88, 1282, 10.1172/JCI115432
Saloranta, 1993, Different acute and chronic effects of acipimox treatment on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes., Diabet Med, 10, 950, 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1993.tb00011.x
Santomauro, 1999, Overnight lowering of free fatty acids with acipimox improves insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in obese diabetic and nondiabetic subjects., Diabetes, 48, 1836, 10.2337/diabetes.48.9.1836
Fery, 1997, Inhibition of lipolysis stimulates whole body glucose production and disposal in normal postabsorptive subjects., J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 82, 825
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Piatti, 1996, Effects of an acute decrease in non-esterified fatty acid levels on muscle glucose utilization and forearm indirect calorimetry in lean NIDDM patients., Diabetologia, 39, 103, 10.1007/BF00400420
Nuutila, 1994, Effect of antilipolysis on heart and skeletal muscle glucose uptake in overnight fasted humans, Am J Physiol, 267, E941
Griffin, 1992, Effects of cholestyramine and acipimox on subfractions of plasma low density lipoprotein. Studies in normolipidaemic and hypercholesterolaemic subjects., Eur J Clin Invest, 22, 383, 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1992.tb01478.x
Saloranta, 1993, Metabolic consequences of sustained suppression of free fatty acids by acipimox in patients with NIDDM., Diabetes, 42, 1559, 10.2337/diab.42.11.1559
Worm, 1994, Pronounced blood glucose-lowering effect of the antilipolytic drug acipimox in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients during a 3-day intensified treatment period., J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 78, 717
Davoren, 1998, Long-term effects of a sustained-release preparation of acipimox on dyslipidemia and glucose metabolism in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus., Metabolism, 47, 250, 10.1016/S0026-0495(98)90252-9
Dean, 1992, The effect of acipimox in patients with type 2 diabetes and persistent hyperlipidaemia., Diabet Med, 9, 611, 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1992.tb01855.x
Fulcher, 1992, A double blind study of the effect of acipimox on serum lipids, blood glucose control and insulin action in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus., Diabet Med, 9, 908, 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1992.tb01730.x
Koev, 1993, Improvement of lipoprotein lipid composition in type II diabetic patients with concomitant hyperlipoproteinemia by acipimox treatment. Results of a multicenter trial., Diabetes Care, 16, 1285, 10.2337/diacare.16.9.1285
Shih, 1997, Acipimox attenuates hypertriglyceridemia in dyslipidemic noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients without perturbation of insulin sensitivity and glycemic control., Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 36, 113, 10.1016/S0168-8227(97)00039-9
Lintott, 1989, Treatment of hyperlipidaemia with acipimox., Curr Med Res Opin, 11, 374, 10.1185/03007998909110138
Taskinen, 1988, Effects of acipimox on serum lipids, lipoproteins and lipolytic enzymes in hypertriglyceridemia., Atherosclerosis, 69, 249, 10.1016/0021-9150(88)90021-4
Ball, 1986, Acipimox in the treatment of patients with hyperlipidaemia: a double blind trial., Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 31, 201, 10.1007/BF00606659
Sirtori, 1981, Reduced triglyceridemia and increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels after treatment with acipimox, a new inhibitor of lipolysis., Atherosclerosis, 38, 267, 10.1016/0021-9150(81)90042-3
Niort, 1992, Comparison of the effects of bezafibrate and acipimox on the lipid pattern and plasma fibrinogen in hyperlipidaemic type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients., Diabetes Metab, 18, 221
Alcocer, 1999, A comparative study of policosanol vs. acipimox in patients with type II hypercholesterolemia., Int J Tissue React, 21, 85
Ericsson, 1992, Metabolism of plasma low density lipoproteins in familial combined hyperlipidaemia: effect of acipimox therapy., J Intern Med, 232, 313, 10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00591.x
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