Cytotoxic Effect on Human Cancer Cells and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Codonopsis lanceolata Root using Different Solvent Fractions

This study was conducted to investigate cytotoxic effect, phenolic content, DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging rate and nitrite scavenging rate from different solvent fractions of Codonopsis lanceolate root. At all extracts concentration, the cytotoxic effect on different fractions against human cancer cells was higher in n-hexane and butyl alcohol fractions than in the other fractions. The IC50 value on HeLa cell showed the lowest by 62.70 μg.mL-1 on n-hexane fraction, and exhibited the values of butyl alcohol fraction 341.36 μg.mL-1, methylene chloride 598.33 μg.mL-1, ethyl acetate fraction 860.44 μg.mL-1, DW fraction 2896.82 μg.mL-1. Total polyphenol content on different solvent fractions varied from 102.43 to 153.52 mg.g-1, and that of ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest amount. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity showed that the increase was proportional to the concentration, and the scavenging activity also showed the highest in ethyl acetate fraction. The nitrite scavenging activity of each fraction at pH 1.2 was in the order of EA > BA > MC > n-H > DW, and the lower the acidity, the higher nitrite scavenging activity, and there was no distinct detection of nitrite scavenging effects of the pH range 6.0. The results of this study suggested that the extract of Codonopsis lanceolate root may assist in the potential biological activities, and it was found that the activity was different depending on the organic solvent fraction and the water fraction.