Current Readings on the Iran‐Iraq Conflict and Its Effects on U.S. Foreign Relations and Policy

MagdaEl‐Sherbini1
1Middle East/general cataloger at the Ohio State University Libraries, Ohio State University.

Tóm tắt

The conflict between Iran and Iraq is not new; it dates from long before September 1980. In fact, the origins of the current war can be traced to the battle of Qadisiyah in Southern Iraq in 637 A.D., a battle in which the Arab armies of General Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas decisively defeated the Persian army. In victory, the Arab armies extended Islam east of the Zagros Mountains to Iran. In defeat, the Persian Empire began a steady decline that lasted until the sixteenth century. However, since the beginning of that century, Persia has occupied Iraq three times: 1508–1514, 1529–1543, and 1623–1638. Boundary disputes, specifically over the Shatt al‐Arab Waterway, and old enmities caused the wars. In 1735, belligerent Iranian naval forces entered the Shatt al‐Arab but subsequently withdrew. Twenty years later, Iranians occupied the city of Sulimaniah and threatened to occupy the neighboring countries of Bahrain and Kuwait. In 1847, Iran dominated the eastern bank of the Shatt al‐Arab and occupied Mohamarah in Iraq.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abdulghani Jasim M, 1984, Iraq and Iran: the Years of Crisis

Ajrab Husayn Sulayman, 1986, Judhur Harb al-Khalij. Amman, al-Urdun: Dar al-Fikr

American-Arab Affairs Q., DC 20036

Awwad Nasif, 1980, Kalam Hadi fi Jaww Multahib. Baghdad: al-Dar al-Wataniyah (Distributor)

Aziz Tareq, 1981, The Iraq-Iran Conflict: Questions and Discussion

Bakka', 1984, Khumayni al-Tajribah al Mayyitah. Baghdad: al Dar al-Wataniyah lil-Nashr Wa-al-Tawzi

Chomsky Noam, 1988, The Culture of Terrorism

Cohen William S, 1988, Men of Zeal

Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report W., Congressional Quarterly Inc., 1414 22nd St. N.W., Washington, DC 20037.

Cordesman Anthony H, 1987, The Iran-Iraq War and Western Security 1984-87: Strategic Implications and Policy Options

Current History, 1921, PA, 7

Dabit Shakir Sabir, 1984, Tarikh al-Munaza'at Wa-al-Hurub Bayna al-Iraq wa-Iran. Baghdad: al-Dar al-Wataniyah (Distributor)

The Economist W., 25 Saint James St

Fatlawi Suhayl Husayn, 1986, al Munaza'at al-Dawliyah. Baghdad: Dar al-Qadisiyah

Foreign Policy Q., DC 20036

Fredericks Michael, 1987, FL: Loiry Publishing House, 151, 0

Gardner J. Anthony., 1988, The Iraq-Iran War: A Bibliography

Ghazzali, 1984, Qadisiyat Saddam. Baghdad: al-Dar al-Wataniyah (Distributor)

Haydar Karrar, 1984, Udwan al-Nizam al-Iraqi Jarimah ma'a Sabq al-Israr. [s.1. : s.n.]

Heller Mark, 1984, Harvard University, 49, 84

I'tida', 1982, Tihran: Markaz I'lam al-Dhikra al-Thalithah li-Intisar al-Thawrah al-Islamiyah

Of Middle East Studies Q., Cambridge University Press, 32 E. 57th St

Ioannides Christos P, 1984, America's Iran: Injury and Catharsis

The Iran-Contra Puzzle. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, 1987. $19.95. 506p. ISBN0-87187-442-3. LC87-24571.

The Iran-Iraq War, 1984, by M. S. El-Azhary

The Iran-Iraq War: Issues of Conflict and Prospects for Settlement: Proceedings of a Seminar Organized by the Center of International Studies. Ed. by Ali E. Hillal Dessouki. Princeton, NJ: Center of International Studies, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, 1981. $7.50 pbk. 119p. LC82-115421.

The Iran-Iraq War, 1983, by Shirin Tahir-Kheli and Shaheen Ayubi.

Iraq-Iran Conflict, 1986, Pastourett. Alabama: Air Univ. Library, 36, 86

Ismael Tareq Y, 1982, Iraq and Iran: Roots of Conflict

Izzi Khalid Yahya, 1981, The Shatt-al-'Arab Dispute: A Legal Study

Jordan Hamilton, 1982, Crisis: The Last Year of the Carter Presidency

Middle Eastern Studies Q, 1908, PA, 5

Iraniyah, 1983, Baghdad: al-Dar al-Wataniyah (Distributor)

Kanovsky Eliyahu, 1983, Tel Aviv University, 23, 83

Khadduri Majid, 1988, The Gulf War: The Origins and Implications of the Iraq-Iran Conflict

King Ralph, 1987, The Iran-Iraq War: The Political Implications

Ledeen Michael Arthur, 1981, Debacle: The American Failre in Iran

Ledeen Michael Arthur, 1988, Perilous Statecraft

Lytle Mark Hamilton, 1941, The Origins of the Iranian-American Alliance

Maclean's W. P.O., 1985, Lang, 401, 3

Marshall Scott, 1987, The Iran-Contra Connection

McLachlan Keith, 1987, A Bibliography of the Iran-Iraq Borderland

Meyer Peter, 1987, Defiant Patriot: The Life and Exploits of Lt. Colonel Oliver L. North

Conflict, 1985, Historical Bibliography

Middle East Journal Q., DC 20036

Moody Sidney, 1981, 444 Days: The American Hostage Story

Moyers Bill D, 1988, The Secret Government

Mukhif, 1984, Fi Qissat al-Harb. Baghdad: Tawzi Dar al Wataniyah (Distributor)

Navabpour Riza, 1988, World Bibliographyc Series, no. 81

Newsweek W., 1981, Wizarat al-Kharijiyah, al-Lajnah al-Istishariyah

Orbis, 1910, PA, 1

Perspective Albermarle St. N.W., DC 20016

Peterzell Jay, 1984, Reagan's Secret War

Pourhadi Ibrahim V, 1982, Library of Congress, 82

Nicaraguan Resistance, 1987, Washington

Rubin Barry M, 1980, Paved with Good Intentions: The American Experience and Iran

Ryan Paul B, 1985, The Iranian Rescue Mission: Why It Failed

Harb, 1983, Muqtatafat Mimm Katabathu al-Sihafah al-'Alamiyah 'an al-Harb al-da' Irah Bayna al'Iraq wa-Iran

Sa'id Hamid, 1982, al-Dars al-Iraqi fi Harb Radd al'Udwan. Baghdad: al Dar al Wataniyah (Distributor)

1983, Qira'ah fi Awraq 'Arabiyah 'ala Daw' al-Harb al-Iraqiyah al-Iraniyah. Baghdad: al-Dar al-Wataniyah (Distributor)

Salinger Pierre, 1981, America Held Hostage: The Secret Negotiations

Salman Sabah, 1981, Da'irat al-I'Lam, al Dakhili al-'Ammah

1980, Dar al-Amil

Samii Kuross A, 1987, Involvement by Invitation: American Strategies of Containment in Iran

Sanchez James, 1987, NC: McFarland, 19, 95

1987, Index to the Tower Commission Report

Sick Gary, 1986, All Fall Down: America's Tragic Encounter with Iran

Farisi, 1981, Baris: Manshurat al'Alam al-Arabi

Pakistan Iran, 1987, by Hafeez Malik

Sreedhar, 1985, Iraq-Iran War

Stempel John D, 1981, Inside the Iranian Revolution

Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North, 1987, Washinton

Strategic Review Q., United States Strategic Institute

Sullivan William H, 1981, Mission to Iran

Tawalibah Hasan Muhammad, 1984, Munaqashah fi al-Niza' al-Iraqi al-Irani. Bayrut: al-Watan al-al-Arabi

Third World Quarterly Q., Third World Foundation

Monthly Chronicle M., United Nations Publishing

World Report W., DC 20037

United States., 1987, The Tower Commision Report

United States. Congress. House., 1987, Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran-Contra Affair

1987, Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran-Contra Affair. For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.

1987, U. S. G. P. O.

1987, Gaston J. Sigur, Jr. and Robert W. Owen. For Sale by the Supt. of Docs.

The United States and Iran, 1980, by Yonah Alexander and Allan Nanes

Wells Tim, 1985, 444 Days: The Hostages Remember

Irani, 1983, Shu'bat al-Dirasat al-Siyasiyah wa-al Istiratijiyah

Wuhayyib Hani, 1984, Malahim Khalidah Fi Qadisiyat Saddam. Baghdad: al-Dar al-Wataniyah (Distributor)

Yasin Sabah, 1982, al-Ma'rakah Wa-Muqaddimat al-Nasr. Baghdad: al-Dar al-Wataniyah (Distributor)