Cost-effectiveness targeting under multiple conservation goals and equity considerations in the Andes

Environmental Conservation - Tập 38 Số 4 - Trang 417-425 - 2011
Ulf Narloch1, Unai Pascual1, Adam G. Drucker2
1University of Cambridge
2Bioversity International, Via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00057 Maccarese, Rome, Italy

Tóm tắt

SUMMARYInternationally, there is political impetus towards providing incentive mechanisms, such as payments for ecosystem services (PES), that motivate land users to conserve that which benefits wider society by creating an exchange value for conservation services. PES may incorporate a number of conservation goals other than just maximizing the area under a certain land use, so as to optimize multiple benefits from environmental conservation. Environmental additionality (conservation services generated relative to no intervention) and social equity aspects (here an equitable distribution of conservation funds) of PES depend on the conservation goals underlying the cost-effective targeting of conservation payments, which remains to be adequately explored in the PES literature. This paper attempts to evaluate whether multiple conservation goals can be optimized, in addition to social equity, when paying for the on-farm conservation of neglected crop varieties (landraces), so as to generate agrobiodiversity conservation services. Case studies based on a conservation auction in the Bolivian and Peruvian Andes (through which community-based groups identified the conservation area and the number of farmers taking part in conservation, as well as the payment required), identified significant cost-effectiveness tradeoffs between alternative agrobiodiversity conservation goals. There appears to be a non-complementary relationship between maximizing conservation area under specific landraces (a proxy for genetic diversity maintenance) and the number of farmers conserving such landraces (a proxy for agricultural knowledge and cultural traditions maintenance). Neither of the two are closely connected with maximizing the number of targeted farming communities (a proxy for informal seed exchange networks and hence geneflow maintenance). Optimizing cost-effectiveness with regard to conservation area or number of farmers would also be associated with a highly unequal distribution of payments. Multi-criteria targeting approaches can reach compromise solutions, but frameworks for these are still to be established and scientifically informed about the underlying link between alternative conservation goals and conservation service provision.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.03.016

10.1080/09614520500041344

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.009

10.2307/1243852

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.10.010

10.1016/j.biocon.2008.06.028

10.1126/science.1078104

Redford, 2009, Payment for ecosystem services and the challenge of saving nature, Conservation Biology, 23, 785, 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01271.x

2010, The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity for National and International Policy Makers. Summary: Responding to the Value of Nature

Tapia, 2007, Guía de Campo de los Cultivos Andinos

10.1111/j.1467-7660.2007.00425.x

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.03.010

10.1017/S1479262109990062

10.1016/j.agee.2006.12.017

10.2307/1244139

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.03.011

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.006

10.1007/s10745-010-9333-3

10.1016/j.agee.2007.08.003

10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01086.x

Narloch U. , Drucker A. & Pascual U. (2011) Payments for agrobiodiversity conservation services for the sustained on-farm utilization of plant and animal genetic resources. Ecological Economics (in press).

10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00751.x

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.07.031

10.1016/j.landusepol.2007.09.005

10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01551.x

10.1525/aa.2001.103.2.361

10.1080/00045601003794833

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.003

10.1093/reep/req006

10.3368/le.83.4.497

10.1017/S1355770X05002640

2009, Quinua y Territorio. Experiencias de Acompanamiento a la Gestion del Territorio y a la Autogestion Comunal en la Zona Intersalar del Altiplano Boliviano

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.002

10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00559.x

10.1002/pam.10094

10.2307/2999617

10.1111/j.1365-2664.2003.00868.x

Rojas, 2009, From neglect to limelight: issues, methods and approaches in enhancing sustainable conservation and use of Andean grains in Peru and Bolivia, JARTS Supplement, 92, 1

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.004

10.1371/journal.pbio.0040360

10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.015004990.x

10.1111/j.1523-1739.1989.tb00220.x

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.005

Bellon, 2009, Agrobiodiversity, Conservation and Economic Development, 56

10.1111/j.1467-8489.2003.t01-1-00224.x

10.1017/S037689290100011X

10.1080/00330124.2010.483628

Ferraro, 2008, Asymmetric information and contract design for payment for environmental services, Environmental Economics, 65, 810

10.1023/B:GRES.0000020678.82581.76

Canahua, 2002, Peru: El Problema Agrario en Debate, 286

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.04.014

2009, Second Report on the State of the World's Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.05.011

10.1017/S1355770X08004336

10.1017/S0376892909990063

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Environmental Conservation

Tập 38 Số 4

417-425

Thông tin tác giả