Converting acidic forests to managed plantations reduces soil nitrogen loss by inhibiting autotrophic nitrification while inducing nitrate immobilization in the tropics

Biology and Fertility of Soils - Trang 1-13 - 2023
Qilin Zhu1, Ahmed S. Elrys1,2,3, Lijun Liu1, Yunxing Wan1, Ruoyan Yang1, Jinxia Mou1, Yunzhong Chen1, Yuqin Wang1, Juan Liu4, Tongbin Zhu5, Yanzheng Wu1, Shuirong Tang1, Lei Meng1, Jinbo Zhang1, Christoph Müller6,7
1College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
2Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
3Liebig Centre for Agroecology and Climate Impact Research, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
4CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
5Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Karst Dynamics Laboratory, Guilin, China
6Institute of Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
7School of Biology and Environmental Science and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Tóm tắt

Soil gross nitrogen (N) transformation rates are highly sensitive to land use change. However, understanding the effect of land use change on internal N cycling patterns and its underlying mechanisms in tropical soils remains elusive. Here, four typical land uses including forest (> 400 years), eucalyptus (15 years), rubber (35 years), and paddy field (40 years) plantations in tropical region of China were investigated. The technique of 15N tracing was used to quantify soil gross N transformation rates. We also measured soil biochemical properties as well as carbon (C) and N fractions to evaluate the controls on any changes in soil N cycling processes. We found that converting natural tropical forests to managed ecosystems shifts the soil N dynamics from nitrate-dominated N forms towards ammonium-dominated N forms, suggesting that managed ecosystems becoming conservative (i.e., lower ratio of autotrophic nitrification (ONH4) to ammonium immobilization (INH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and higher nitrate immobilization) than the natural tropical forest. The higher tendency of N loss (i.e., higher ONH4/INH4 and N2O emissions) of the natural tropical forest was mainly due to the higher concentrations of soil total N and hydrolysable ammonium N and microbial biomass, which stimulated ONH4. Lower microbial biomass, hydrolysable ammonium N, particulate organic C, and gross N mineralization, however, significantly decreased ONH4 in managed ecosystems. Our study also showed a pivotal role of soil C and N fractions in controlling soil heterotrophic nitrification, which enhanced significantly with decreasing amino sugar N, amino acid N, dissolved organic C, easily oxidizable organic C, and light fraction organic C. Our findings highlighted the pivotal role of soil C and N fractions in regulating soil N cycling under future land use changes.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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