Contribution of above‐ and belowground bioenergy crop residues to soil carbon

GCB Bioenergy - Tập 9 Số 8 - Trang 1333-1343 - 2017
Sarah Tenelli1, T. W. Hudiburg2, Henrique Coutinho Junqueira Franco1, Evan H. DeLucia3,4
1Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE) Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM) Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro 10000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia Campinas SP CEP 13083‐970 Brazil
2Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83843 USA
3Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
4Institute for Sustainability, Energy and Environment, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA

Tóm tắt

AbstractGHG mitigation by bioenergy crops depends on crop type, management practices, and the input of residue carbon (C) to the soil. Perennial grasses may increase soil C compared to annual crops because of more extensive root systems, but it is less clear how much soil C is derived from above‐ vs. belowground inputs. The objective of this study was to synthesize the existing knowledge regarding soil C inputs from above‐ and belowground crop residues in regions cultivated with sugarcane, corn, and miscanthus, and to predict the impact of residue removal and tillage on soil C stocks. The literature review showed that aboveground inputs to soil C (to 1‐m depth) ranged from 70% to 81% for sugarcane and corn vs. 40% for miscanthus. Modeled aboveground C inputs (to 30 cm depth) ranged from 54% to 82% for sugarcane, but were 67% for miscanthus. Because 50% of observed miscanthus belowground biomass is below 30 cm depth, it may be necessary to increase the depth of modeled soil C dynamics to reconcile modeled belowground C inputs with measured. Modeled removal of aboveground corn residue (25–100%) resulted in C stock reduction in areas of corn–corn–soybean rotation under conventional tillage, while no‐till management lessoned this impact. In sugarcane, soil C stocks were reduced when total aboveground residue was removed at one site, while partial removal of sugarcane residue did not reduce soil C stocks in either area. This study suggests that aboveground crop residues were the main C‐residue source to the soil in the current bioethanol sector (corn and sugarcane) and the indiscriminate removal of crop residues to produce cellulosic biofuels can reduce soil C stocks and reduce the environmental benefits of bioenergy. Moreover, a switch to feedstocks such as miscanthus with more allocation to belowground C could increase soil C stocks at a much faster rate.

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GCB Bioenergy

Tập 9 Số 8

1333-1343

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