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Tiêu thụ muối giúp cải thiện triệu chứng rối loạn chuyển hóa và thay đổi hệ vi sinh đường ruột
Tóm tắt
Các bệnh chuyển hóa do chế độ ăn giàu carbohydrate và/hoặc gia vị cao đang trở thành những vấn đề sức khỏe cộng đồng quan trọng. Tuy nhiên, tác động của muối đối với béo phì do chế độ ăn giàu carbohydrate vẫn chưa rõ ràng. Do đó, trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đã điều tra tác động của việc tiêu thụ muối cao đối với béo phì do chế độ ăn giàu carbohydrate. Chúng tôi đã thực hiện một nghiên cứu kéo dài 12 tuần về vi khuẩn đường ruột và các thay đổi chuyển hóa trên chuột C57BL/6J được cho ăn chế độ ăn cao gạo (HRD) hoặc HRD bổ sung muối cao (HRS) thông qua phân tích 16S rRNA, thử nghiệm dung nạp glucose và insulin, chức năng hàng rào ruột, phân tích western blot và phân tích mô học. Hơn nữa, các tác động của muối đối với chuyển hóa lipid cũng được xác nhận in vitro bằng cách sử dụng tế bào 3T3-L1. Việc tiêu thụ muối cao đã giảm mức tăng trọng lượng cơ thể và mô mỡ trắng (WAT) do HRD gây ra. Ngược lại, HRS không làm đảo ngược mức tăng dung nạp glucose và kháng insulin đã quan sát. Hơn nữa, HRD đã gây ra thay đổi trong vi khuẩn đường ruột, từ đó làm suy yếu chức năng hàng rào ruột và tăng viêm trong gan. HRS đã thay đổi thành phần vi khuẩn do HRD gây ra, nhưng không cải thiện tình trạng suy giảm chức năng hàng rào ruột hoặc viêm gan. Các chế độ ăn HRS đã điều chỉnh mức tăng trong sự biểu hiện của thụ thể gamma hoạt hóa peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) và các protein liên quan đến chuyển hóa lipid do HRD gây ra. Hơn nữa, bên trong WAT, HRS đã đảo ngược sự giảm biểu hiện adiponectin và tăng biểu hiện PPAR-γ do HRD gây ra. In vitro, nồng độ NaCl cao cũng làm giảm đáng kể sự phân hóa tế bào 3T3-L1 và điều chỉnh chuyển hóa lipid mà không gây ra độc tính tế bào. Những kết quả này chỉ ra rằng việc tiêu thụ muối cao giúp cải thiện các thay đổi chuyển hóa liên quan đến chế độ ăn cao gạo, bao gồm những thay đổi trong thành phần vi sinh vật phân rã.
Từ khóa
#bệnh chuyển hóa #chế độ ăn giàu carbohydrate #muối cao #vi sinh đường ruột #bệnh béo phì #điều hòa chuyển hóa lipidTài liệu tham khảo
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