Comparing the effects of different coloured artificial illumination on diurnal fish assemblages in the lower mesophotic zone
Tóm tắt
Artificial illumination is required when sampling with baited remote underwater video systems (BRUVS) in the lower mesophotic zone beyond ~ 90 m depth, yet little is known of how the choice of lighting influences fish assemblages and affects survey results in this zone. Here we use BRUVS equipped with the commonly used GoPro action camera to compare the composition and abundance of diurnal fish assemblages sampled under artificial Royal blue (~ 450 nm), Deep red (~ 660 nm) and natural day white light (~ 5600 K) in the lower mesophotic zone of the north-west shelf of Australia (19° 14.724′S 117° 20.286′E). No significant differences were detected in the fish assemblage composition or the number of species when surveyed using blue, red or white light at our study location. A greater mean total abundance of fish was observed using red light compared with white and blue light, however, individual species showed varied responses to the different light colours. When using consumer-grade action cameras such as GoPros, white light was shown to be far superior in image quality (and therefore ease of fish identification) compared to red and blue light. We recommend sampling diurnal mesophotic fish assemblages using a wavelength of light based on the survey objectives and the capabilities of the camera selected.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abesamis RA, Langlois T, Birt M, Thillainath E, Bucol AA, Arceo HO, Russ GR (2018) Benthic habitat and fish assemblage structure from shallow to mesophotic depths in a storm-impacted marine protected area. Coral Reefs 37:81–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-017-1635-0
Anderson MJ (2006) Distance-based tests for homogeneity of multivariate dispersions. Biometrics 62:245–253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2005.00440.x
Anderson MJ, Robinson J (2003) Generalized discriminant analysis based on distances. Aust N Z J Stat 45:301–318
Anderson MJ, Gorley RN, Clarke KR (2008) PERMANOVA + for PRIMER: guide to software and statistical methods. PRIMER-E, Plymouth
Anderson MJ, Crist TO, Chase JM, Vellend M, Inouye BD, Freestone AL, Sanders NJ, Cornell HV, Comita LS, Davies KF, Harrison SP, Kraft NJB, Stegen JC, Swenson NG (2011) Navigating the multiple meanings of beta diversity: a roadmap for the practicing ecologist. Ecol Lett 14:19–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01552.x
Birt MJ, Harvey ES, Langlois TJ (2012) Within and between day variability in temperate reef fish assemblages: learned response to baited video. J Exp Mar Bio Ecol 416–417:92–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2012.02.011
Bond T, Partridge JC, Taylor MD, Cooper TF, Mclean L (2018) The influence of depth and a subsea pipeline on fish assemblages and commercially fished species. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207703
Cappo M, Harvey E, Malcolm H, Speare P (2003) Potential of video techniques to monitor diversity, abundance and size of fish in studies of marine protected areas. In: Beumer JP, Grant A, Smith DC (eds) Aquatic protected areas. What works best and how do we know? vol 1. University of Queensland, Queensland, pp 455–464
Clarke KR, Gorley R (2006) Primer v6: user manual/tutorial. PRIMER-E Ltd, Plymouth
Clarke TM, Whitmarsh SK, Fairweather PG, Huveneers C (2019) Overlap in fish assemblages observed using pelagic and benthic baited remote underwater video stations. Mar Freshw Res 70:870–880
Fermin AC, Soronay GA (1997) Effects of different illumination levels on zooplankton abundance, feeding periodicity, growth and survival of the Asian sea bass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch), fry in illuminated floating nursery cages. Aquaculture 157:227–237
Fitzpatrick C, McLean D, Harvey ES (2013) Using artificial illumination to survey nocturnal reef fish. Fish Res 146:41–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2013.03.016
Forward R (1988) Diel vertical migration: zooplankton photobiology and behaviour. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 26:361–393
Harvey ES, Newman SJ, McLean DL, Cappo M, Meeuwig JJ, Skepper CL (2012a) Comparison of the relative efficiencies of stereo-BRUVs and traps for sampling tropical continental shelf demersal fishes. Fish Res 125–126:108–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2012.01.026
Harvey ES, Butler JJ, McLean DL, Shand J (2012b) Contrasting habitat use of diurnal and nocturnal fish assemblages in temperate Western Australia. J Exp Mar Bio Ecol 426–427:78–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2012.05.019
Langlois T, Williams J, Monk J, Bouchet P, Currey L, Goetze J, Harasti D, Huveneers C, Ierodiaconou D, Malcolm H, Whitmore S (2018) Marine sampling field manual for benthic stereo BRUVS (Baited Remote Underwater Videos). In: Przeslawski R, Foster S (eds) Field manuals for marine sampling to monitor Australian waters. National Environmental Science Programme (NESP), pp 82–104. https://www.nespmarine.edu.au/sites/default/files/_PUBLIC_/FieldManuals_NESPMarineHub_Chapter5_BRUV_v1.pdf
Levine JS, Macnichol EF Jr (1982) Color vision in fishes. Sci Am 246:140–149. https://doi.org/10.2307/24966528
Marchesan M, Spoto M, Verginella L, Ferrero EA (2005) Behavioural effects of artificial light on fish species of commercial interest. Fish Res 73:171–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2004.12.009
Myers E, Harvey E, Saunders B, Travers M (2016) Fine-scale patterns in the day, night and crepuscular composition of a temperate reef fish assemblage. Mar Ecol. https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12336
Raymond EH, Widder EA (2007) Behavioral responses of two deep-sea fish species to red, far-red, and white light. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 350:291–298. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07196
Rocha LA, Pinheiro HT, Shepherd B, Papastamatiou YP, Luiz OJ, Rocha LA, Pyle RL, Bongaerts P (2018) Mesophotic coral ecosystems are threatened and ecologically distinct from shallow water reefs. Science 361:281–284. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq1614
Rolim FA, Langlois T, Rodrigues PFC, Bond T, Motta S, Neves LM, Gadig OBF (2019) Network of small no-take marine reserves reveals greater abundance and body size of fisheries target species. PLoS ONE 14:1–22
Von der Emde G, Mogdans J, Kapoor BG (2004) The senses of fish: adaptations for the reception of natural stimuli. Narosa Publishers, Boston
Warrant EJ, Collin SP, Locket NA (2003) Eye design and vision in deep-sea fishes. In: Collin SP, Marshall NJ (eds) Sensory processing in aquatic environments. Springer, New York, NY, pp 303–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22628-6_16
Whitmarsh SK, Fairweather PG, Huveneers C (2017) What is big BRUVver up to? Methods and uses of baited underwater video. Rev Fish Biol Fish 27:53–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-016-9450-1
Whitmarsh SK, Fairweather PG, Huveneers C (2019) Lack of light colour effects when sampling fish at night in low visibility environments. J Fish Biol. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14058
Widder EA, Robison BH, Reisenbichler KR, Haddock SHD (2005) Using red light for in situ observations of deep-sea fishes. Deep Res Part I Oceanogr Res Pap 52:2077–2085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.06.007