Comparing the diurnal and seasonal variabilities of atmospheric and surface urban heat islands based on the Beijing urban meteorological network

Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres - Tập 122 Số 4 - Trang 2131-2154 - 2017
Kaicun Wang1,2, Shaojing Jiang1,2, Jiankai Wang3, Chunlüe Zhou1,2, Xiaoyan Wang1,2, Xuhui Lee4,5
1College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
2Joint Center for Global Change Studies, Beijing, China
3Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
4School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
5Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information, Science and Technology, Nanjing, China

Tóm tắt

AbstractThis study compared the diurnal and seasonal cycles of atmospheric and surface urban heat islands (UHIs) based on hourly air temperatures (Ta) collected at 65 out of 262 stations in Beijing and land surface temperature (Ts) derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer in the years 2013–2014. We found that the nighttime atmospheric and surface UHIs referenced to rural cropland stations exhibited significant seasonal cycles, with the highest in winter. However, the seasonal variations in the nighttime UHIs referenced to mountainous forest stations were negligible, because mountainous forests have a higher nighttime Ts in winter and a lower nighttime Ta in summer than rural croplands. Daytime surface UHIs showed strong seasonal cycles, with the highest in summer. The daytime atmospheric UHIs exhibited a similar but less seasonal cycle under clear‐sky conditions, which was not apparent under cloudy‐sky conditions. Atmospheric UHIs in urban parks were higher in daytime. Nighttime atmospheric UHIs are influenced by energy stored in urban materials during daytime and released during nighttime. The stronger anthropogenic heat release in winter causes atmospheric UHIs to increase with time during winter nights, but decrease with time during summer nights. The percentage of impervious surfaces is responsible for 49%–54% of the nighttime atmospheric UHI variability and 31%–38% of the daytime surface UHI variability. However, the nighttime surface UHI was nearly uncorrelated with the percentage of impervious surfaces around the urban stations.

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Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres

Tập 122 Số 4

2131-2154

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