Comparative effects of schizophrenia and temporal lobe epilepsy on memory

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society - Tập 4 Số 4 - Trang 342-352 - 1998
Larry J. Seidman1, William S. Stone2, Rosalind L. Jones3, Robert H. Harrison4, Allan F. Mirsky5
1Neuropsychology Laboratory, Harvard Institute of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Genetics, and Commonwealth Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
2Neuropsychology Laboratory and Commonwealth Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
3Private Practice, Baltimore, MD, USA
4Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
5Section on Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, Laboratory of Psychology and Psychopathology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

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The goal of this study was to further characterize episodic memory functioning in schizophrenia. This study compared verbal and visual learning and memory performance in (1) patients with schizophrenia (N = 35), (2) patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE; N = 30), and (3) normal controls (N = 25). Results indicated significant memory impairments in patients with schizophrenia and TLE. “Savings” score measures of memory decay showed that the loss of information in schizophrenia and TLE was approximately equal, and quantitatively mild compared to that found in most neurologic groups with memory disorders. The severe difficulty shown by the schizophrenia group on a task of incidental recall suggested that the absence of instructional set added to a vulnerability to memory deficit. In contrast, relatively mildly impaired performance on paired associate learning suggested that patients with schizophrenia benefited from retrieval cues, multiple trials, and short (nonsupraspan) informational loads. Because patients with schizophrenia consisted of a relatively nonchronic sample with a mean IQ of 99.7, their memory disorder could not be attributed to schizophrenic dementia, nor was it accounted for by other potential confounds. Patients with schizophrenia, even those relatively early in the course of illness, have a mild episodic memory disorder. (JINS, 1998, 4, 342–352.)

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Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society

Tập 4 Số 4

342-352

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