Community structure and species diversity of hermatypic corals at Eilat, Red Sea

Abe, N.: Ecological survey of Iwayama Bay, Palao. Palao trop. biol. Stn. Stud. 1, 217?324 (1937).

Ashbel, D.: Bio-climatic atlas of Israel, 151 pp. Jerusalem: eteorological Dept., Hebrew University 1951.

Ashbel, D.: Climatic conditions of Elath. In: ?Elath?: Israel Exploration Society pp 242?256 Jerusalem: 18th Arehaeological Convention, October 1963.

Berger, W. H. and F. L. Parker: Diversity of planktonic Foraminifera in deep sea sediments. Science, N.Y. 168 1345?1347 (1970).

Brillouin, L.: Science and information theory, 320 pp. New York: Academic Press 1956.

Buzas, M. A. and T. G. Gibson: Species diversity: benthonic Foraminifera in Western North Atlantic. Science, N.Y. 163, 72?75 (1969).

Cain, S. A.: The species area curve. Am. Midl. Nat. Monogr. 19, 573?581 (1938).

Chesher, R. H.: Destruction of Pacific corals by the sea star Acanthaster planci. Science, N.Y. 165, 280?283 (1969).

Colwell, R. K.: Ecological specialization and species diversity of tropical and temperate arthropods. Ph. D. thesis University of Michigan 1969.

Connell, J. H.: Population ecology of reef corals. In: The geology and biology of coral reefs, Ed. by O. A. Jones and R. Endean. New York: Academic Press. (In press).

? and E. Orias: The ecological regulation of species diversity. Am. Nat. 98, 399?414 (1964).

Dickman, M.: Some indices of diversity. Ecology 49, 1191?1192 (1968).

Dobzhansky, T.: Evolution in the tropics. Am. Scient. 38, 209?211 (1950).

Edmondson, C. H.: The ecology of the Hawaiian coral reef. Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 45, 1?64 (1928).

Emery, K. O., J. I. Tracey, Jr. and H. S. Ladd: Geology of Bikini and nearby atolls. I. Geology. Prof. Pap. U.S. geol. Surv. 260 (A), 1?265 (1954).

Fishelson, L.: Marine biological and oceanographical research in the Red Sea, 65 pp. Final report submitted to the Office of Naval Research, Washington 1968.

Fisher, R. A., A. S. Corret and C. B. Williams: The relation between the number of species and the number of individuals in a random sample from an animal population. J. Anim. Ecol. 12, 42?58 (1943).

Friedman, G. M.: Geology and geochemistry of reefs, carbonate sediments, and waters, Gulf of Aqaba (Elat), Red Ses. J. sedim. Petrol. 38, 895?919 (1968).

Gleason, H. A.: On the relation between species and area. Ecology 3, 158?162 (1922).

Good, I. J.: The population frequencies of species and the estimation of population parameters. Biometrika 40, 237?264 (1953).

Gobeau, T. F.: The ecology of Jamaican coral reefs. I. Species composition and zonation. Ecology 40, 67?90 (1959).

?: Problems of growth and calcium deposition in reef corals. Endeavour 20, 32?39 (1961a).

?: On the relation of caleification to primary production in reef building organisms. In: The biology of Hydra, pp 269?285. Ed. by H. M. Lenhoff and W. F. Loomis. Miami: University of Miami Press 1961b.

?: Calcium carbonate deposition by coralline algae and corals in relation to their roles as reef builders. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 109, 127?167 (1963).

?: On the prelation of coral by the spiny starfish Acanthaster planci (L.) in the southern Red Sea. Bull. Sea Fish. Stn Israel 35, 23?26 (1964).

?: Structure and ecology of the Saipan reefs in relation to predation by Acanthaster planci (L.), 36 pp. Marians Islands: The Acanthaster survey of Saipan 1969.

? and N. I. Goreau: The physiology of skeletion formation in corals. II. Calcium deposition by hermatypic corals under various conditions in the reef. Biol. Bull. mar. Biol. Lab., Woods Hole 117, 239?250 (1959).

?: Distribution of labelled carbon in reef-building corals with and without zooxanthellae. Science, N.Y. 131, 668?669 (1960a).

?: The physiology of skeleton formation in corals. III. Calcification rate as a function of colony weight and total nitrogen content in the reef coral Manicinia areolata (Linnaeus). Biol. Bull. mar. Biol. Lab., Woods Hole 118, 419?429 (1960b).

? and W. D. Hartman: Boring sponges as controlling factors in the formation and maintenance of coral reefs. In: Mechanisms of hard tissue destruction, pp 25?54. Ed. by R. F. Sognnaes. Washington: Publs Am. Ass. Advmt Sci. 1963.

? and C. M. Yonge: Coral community on muddy sand. Nature, Lond. 217, 421?423 (1968).

Goulden, E. G.: Developmental phases of the biocoenosis. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 62, 1066?1073 (1969a).

? Temporal changes in diversity. Diversity and stability in ecological systems. Brookhaven Symp. Biol. 22, 96?102 (1969b).

Greig-Smith, P.: Quantitative plant ecology, 242 pp. 2nd ed. Washington, D. C.: Butterworth Inc. 1964.

Hairston, N. G.: Species abundance and community organization. Ecology 40, 404?416 (1959).

? and G. W. Byers: The soil arthropods of a field in southern Michigan: A study in community ecology. Contr. Lab. vertebr. Biol. Univ. Mich. 64, 1?37 (1954).

Hessler, R. R. and H. L. Sanders: Faunal diversity in the deep sea. Deep Sea Res. 14, 65?78 (1967).

Hiatt, R. W.: Factors affecting the distribution of corals on the reefs of Arno Atoll, Marshall Islands. Proc. Pacif. Sci. Congr. (9th) 3, 929?970 (1957).

Hutchinson, G. E.: Copepodology for the ornithologist. Ecology 32, 571?577 (1951).

Janzen, D. H.: Why mountain passes are higher in the tropics. Am. Nat. 101, 233?249 (1967).

Kawaguti, S.: On the physiology of reef corals. V. Tropsims of coral planulae, considered as a factor of distribution of the reefs. Palao trop. biol. Stn Stud. 2, 319?328 (1941).

Kissling, D. L.: Coral distribution on a shoal in Spanish. Harbor, Florida Keys. Bull. mar. Sci. 15, 600?611 (1965).

Klopfer, P. H.: Environmental determinants of faunal diversity. Am. Nat. 93, 337?342 (1959).

? and R. H. MacArthur: Niche size and faunal diversity. Am. Nat. 94, 293?300 (1960).

Kohn, A. J.: The ecology of Conus in Hawaii. Ecol. Monogr. 29, 47?90 (1959).

?: Environmental complexity and species diversity in the gastropod genus Conus on Indo-West Pacific reef platforms. Am. Nat. 101, 351?360 (1967).

?: Microhabitats, abundance, and food of Conus on atoll reef in the Maldive and Chagos Islands. Ecology 49, 1046?1061 (1968).

Kornicker, L. S. and D. W. Boyd: Shallow water geology and environment of Alacran reef complex, Campeche Bank. Mexico. Bull. Am. Ass. Petrol. Geol. 46, 640?673 (1962).

Lang, J. C.: Interspecific aggression within the scleraetinian reef corals. Ph. D. thesis, Yale University 1970.

Levins, R.: The strategy of model building in population biology. Am. Scient. 54, 421?431 (1966).

Lloyd, M. and R. J. Ghelardi: A table for calculating the ?equitability? component of species diversity. J. Anim. Ecology 33, 217?225 (1964).

?, R. F. Inger and F. W. King: On the diversity of reptile and amphibian species in a Bornean rain forest. Am. Nat. 102, 497?515 (1968).

?, J. H. Zar and J. R. Karr: On the calculation of information ? theoretical measures of diversity. Am. Midl. Nat. 79, 257?272 (1968).

Loya, Y. and L. B. Slobodkin: The coral reefs of Eilat (Gulf of Eilat, Red Sea) Symp. zool. Soc. Lond. 28, 117?139 (1971).

MacAethur, R. H.: On the relative abundance of bird species. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 43, 293?295 (1957).

?: Environmental factors affecting bird species diversity. Am. Nat. 98, 387?398 (1964).

?: Patterns of species diversity. Biol. Rev. 40, 510?533 (1965).

? and J. W. MacArthur: On bird species diversity. Ecology 42, 594?598 (1961).

Manton, S. M.: Ecological surveys of coral reefs. Scient. Rep. Gt Barrier Reef Exped. 3, 274?312 (1935).

Margalep, D. R.: La teorie de la informacion en ecologia. Mems R. Acad. Cienc. Artes Barcelona 32, 373?449 (1957), Transl. Information theory in ecology. Gen. Syst. 3, 36?71 (1959).

Marshall, S. M. and A. P. Orr: Sedimentation on Low Isles and its relation to coral growth. Scient. Rep. Gt Barrier Reef Exped. 1, 93?133 (1931).

Mayor, A. G.: Ecology of the Murray Island coral reef. Pap. Dep. mar. Biol. Carnegie Instn Wash. 9, 1?48 (1918).

McIntosh, R. P.: An index of diversity and the relation of certain concepts of diversity. Ecology 48, 392?404 (1967).

Monk, C. D.: Tree species diversity in the eastern deciduous forest with particular reference to north central Florida. Am. Nat. 918, 173?187 (1967).

?, G. I. Child and S. A. Nicholson: Species diversity of stratified oak-hickory community. Ecology 50, 468?470 (1969).

Odum, H. T., J. E. Cantlon and L. S. Kornicker: An organizational hierarchy postulate for the interpretation of species-individual distributions, species entropy, ecosystem evolution, and the meaning of a species-variety index. Ecology 41, 395?399 (1960).

? and E. P. Odum: Trophic structure and productivity of a windward coral reef community on Eniwetok Atoll. Ecol. Monogr. 25, 291?320 (1955).

Oren, O. H.: A note on the hydrography of the Gulf of Eylath. Bull. Sea Fish. Res. Stn Israel 30, 3?14 (1962).

Patten, B. C.: Species diversity in net phytoplankton of Raritan Bay. J. mar. Res. 20, 57?75 (1962).

Pianka, E. R.: Latitudinal gradients in species diversity: A review of concepts. Am. Nat. 100, 33?46 (1966).

?: On lizard species diversity: North American flatland deserts. Ecology 48, 333?351 (1967).

Pielou, E. C.: The measurement of diversity in different types of biological collections. J. theor. Biol. 13, 131?144 (1966a).

?: Shannon's formula as a measurement of specific diversity: Its use and misuse. Am. Nat. 100, 463?465 (1966b).

?: Species diversity and pattern diversity in the study of ecological succession. J. theor. Biol. 10, 370?383 (1966c).

?: An introduction to mathematical ecology, 286 pp. New York: Wiley-Interscience 1969.

Poulson, T. L. and D. C. Culver: Diversity in terrestrial cave communities. Ecology 50, 153?157 (1969).

Preston, F. E.: The commonness and rarity of species. Ecology 29, 254?283 (1948).

?: The canonical distribution of commonnese. and rarity. Part I. Ecology 43, 185?215 (1962). Part. II Ecology 43, 410?431 (1962).

Recher, H. F.: Bird species diversity in Australia and North America. Am. Nat. 103, 75?80 (1969).

Sager, P. E. and A. D. Hasler: Species diversity in lacustrine phytoplankton. I. The components of the index of diversity from Shannon's formula. Am. Nat. 103, 51?59 (1969).

Sanders, H. L.: Marine benthic diversity: A comparative study. Am. Nat. 102, 243?282 (1968).

?: Benthic marine diversity and the stability-time hypothesis, Diversity and stability in ecological systems. Brookhaven Symp. Biol. 22, 71?81 (1969).

Shannon, A. L. and W. Weaver: The mathematical theory of communication, 117 pp. Urbana: University of Illinois Press 1948.

Sheldon, A. L.: Species diversity and longitudinal succession in stream fishes. Ecology 49, 193?198 (1968).

?: Equitability indices: dependence on the species count. Ecology 50, 466?467 (1969).

Simpson, E. H.: Measurement of diversity. Nature, Lond. 163, p. 668 (1949).

Slobodkin, L. B.: Growth and regulation of animal populations, 184 pp. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston 1961.

?: Toward a predictive theory of evolution. In: Population biology and evolution, pp 187?205. Ed. by R. C. Lewontin. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press 1968.

? and H. L. Sanders: On the contribution of environmental predietability to species diversity. Diversity and stability in ecological system. Brookhaven Symp. Biol. 22, 82?95 (1969).

Sokal, R. R. and F. J. Rohle: The comparison of dendrograms by objective methods. Taxon 11, 33?40 (1962).

?: Biometry, 775 pp. San Francisco and London: W. H. Freeman & Co. 1969.

? and P. H. A. Sneath: Principles of numerical taxonomy, 359 pp. San Francisco & London: W. H. Freeman & Co. 1963.

Stoddart, D. R.: Ecology and morphology of Recent coral reefs. Biol. Rev. 44, 433?498 (1969).

?, P. S. Davies and A. Keith: Geomorphology of Addu Atoll. Atoll Res. Bull. 116, 13?41 (1966).

Storr, J. F.: Ecology and oceanography of the coral-reef tract, Abaco Island, Bahamas. Spec. Pap. geol. Soc. Am. 79, 1?98 (1964).

Vaughan, T. W. and J. W. Wells: Revision of the suborders, families and genera of the Scleractinia. Spec. Pap. geol. Soc. Am. 44 (1943).

Wainwright, S. A.: Reef communities visited by the Israel South Red Sea Expedition, 1962. Bull. Sea Fish. Res. Stn Israel 38, 40?53 (1965).

Wells, J. W.: Recent corals of the Marshall Islands. Bikini and nearby atolls. Part 2, Oceanography (Biologic). Prof. Pap. U.S. geol. Surv. 260 (1), 385?486 (1954).

?: Coral reefs. Mem. geol. Soc. Am. 67, 609?631 (1957).

Whiteside, M. C. and R. V. Harmsworth: Species diversity in chidorid (Cladocera) communities. Ecology 48, 664?667 (1967).

Whittaker, R. H.: Estimation of net primary production of forest and shrub communities. Ecology 42, 177?180 (1961).

?: Dominance and diversity in land plant communities. Science, N.Y. 147, 250?260 (1965).

Wilhm, J. L.: Biomass units versus numbers of individuals in species diversity indices. Ecology 49, 153?156 (1968).

Williams, C. B.: Patterns in the balance of nature, 324 pp. New York & London: Academic Press 1964

Yonge, C. M.: Studies on the biology of Tortugas corals. I. Observationson Meandra areolata. Linn. Pap. Tortugas Lab. 29, 185?198 (1935).