Community activities in residential solid waste reduction in Tenggilis Mejoyo District, Surabaya City, Indonesia

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Tập 19 - Trang 526-535 - 2015
Yulinah Trihadiningrum1, Intan J. Laksono1, Yeny Dhokhikah1, Atiek Moesriati1, Deqi Rizkivia Radita1, Sony Sunaryo2
1Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
2Department of Statistics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia

Tóm tắt

The main source of municipal solid waste in Indonesia is residential area. The Indonesian Government Regulation No. 81/2012 concerning Residential Solid Waste (RSW) Management and Similar Types of Solid Waste stipulates that every generator is obliged to perform separation and treatment. This study was aimed to determine RSW generation rate, reduction potential, and reduction activities by the community in Tenggilis Mejoyo District, Surabaya City. The RSW generation rate and composition were measured according to ASTM D5231-92 method. RSW reduction potential was determined based on weight percentage of recyclable RSW components. This study involved 100 householders, who were selected using stratified random approach based on the economical strata. This study resulted in RSW generation rate of 0.29 kg/person day, or a total of 16.84 tons/day. The RSW composition was dominated by biodegradable organics of 74.43 %, followed by plastic and paper waste materials. Estimated RSW reduction potential was 67.92 %. The RSW separation was only done by 37 % of respondents. Main reasons of the respondents for not implementing RSW separation were inavailability of time, laziness, and no use. Composting activity was conducted by 17 % respondents. This research further provides a recommendation for improving community participation in RSW reduction.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Agency for Population and Civil Registration of Surabaya City (2012) Registrasi Penduduk Kota Surabaya Tahun 2012 [Registration of Surabaya City Resident of Year 2012]. Municipal Government of Surabaya City, Surabaya [in Indonesian] Helmy M, Laksono TB, Gardera D (2006) 3R implementation in Indonesia. Proceeding of Senior Official Meeting on the 3R Initiative. JICA, Tokyo, Japan State Ministry of Environment (2008) Statistik Persampahan Indonesia Tahun 2008 [Indonesian Solid Waste Statistics of Year 2008]. State Government of the Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia [in Indonesian] Puspitarini, HD, Trihadiningrum, Y, Iriawan, N (2013) The evaluation of solid waste transfer and transport facilities in East Surabaya. Proceedings, The 4th International Seminar on Advances in Environmental Engineering, Denpasar, 25–26 June 2013, pp 576–586 Board of the Living Environment of Surabaya City (2012) Status Lingkungan Hidup Kota Surabaya [Environmental Status of Surabaya City]. Municipal Government of Surabaya City, Surabaya [in Indonesian] Klundert AVD and Lardinois I (1995) Community and private (formal and informal) sector involvement in municipal solid waste management in developing countries. Background Paper for the UMP Workshop. Ittingen: 10–12 April Zhuang Y, Wu SW, Wang YL, Wu WX, Chen YX (2008) Source separation of household waste: a case study in China. Waste Manag 28(10):2022–2030. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2007.08.012 Chakrabarti S, Majumder A, Chakrabarti S (2009) Public-community participation in household waste management in India: an operational approach. Habitat International 33(1):125–130. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2008.05.009 Joseph K (2006) Stakeholder participation for sustainable waste management. Habitat Int 30(4):863–871. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2005.09.009 Tai J, Zhang W, Che Y, Feng D (2011) Municipal solid waste source-separated collection in China: a comparative analysis. Waste Manag 31:1673–1682. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.03.014 Martin M, Williams ID, and Clark M (2006) Social, cultural and structural influences on household waste recycling: a case study. Resources, Conservation, and Recycling 48(4):357–395. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2005.09.005 Trihadiningrum Y (2010) Corporate social responsibility program on community development, an experience of Surabaya City. Pan Pacific Conference XXV on managing and competing in the new world economic order. Nusa Dua, Bali: 31 May-2 June Trihadiningrum Y, Nuririawan (2011) Public participation in residential solid waste management in Surabaya City, East Java Province. Proceedings international seminar of environmental technology and management conference, Bandung, 3–4 November 2011 Anonymous (2011) Memorandum program sanitasi Kota Surabaya Tahun 2011, program percepatan pembangunan sanitasi permukiman (PPSP) [Memorandum of sanitation program in Surabaya City in 2011, Accelerated development program in human settlement sanitation]. Sanitation Working Group of Surabaya City, Surabaya [in Indonesian] Directorate of Human Settlement Sanitation (2013) Bahan ajar diseminasi dan sosialisasi keteknikan bidang PLP persampahan, Modul 5 [Teaching materials for dissemination and socialization of engineering aspects in solid waste management for human settlement sanitation, Module 5]. Directorate General of Cipta Karya, Ministry of Public Works, Jakarta [in Indonesian] Trihadiningrum Y (2013) Modul 5: TPS3R dan bank sampah, materi training diseminasi dan sosialisasi keteknikan bidang PLP sektor persampahan [Module 5: 3R transfer station and solid waste bank. Training material for dissemination and socialization of engineering aspects in solid waste management for human settlement sanitation]. Surabaya: 2–5 July 2013 [in Indonesian] Nugroho SA (2014) Penduduk Kota Surabaya terus bertambah, sampah masuk TPA malah berkurang [Population of Surabaya City continues to increase, the solid waste being disposed of in landfill is reduced instead]. SWA online http://www.swa.co.id/businessstrategy. Accessed 26 January 2015 [in Indonesian] Dhokhikah Y, Trihadiningrum Y (2012) Solid waste management in Asian Developing Countries: challenges and opportunities. J Appl Environ Biol Sci 2(7):329–335 Kurniawan TA, de Oliveira JAP (2014) Technology adaptation and assimilation of Takakura for promoting environmental protection in Surabaya (Indonesia) through city level cooperation. In: Collaboration for sustainability, a role for sustainability driven by the global south. Springer Science, Business Media, Dordrecht Maeda T (2013) Waste reduction through composting: application of Surabaya’s model. JICA Training on Composting Management: 29 July 2013 ECO-CSR JAPAN (2011) Case studies: The passion of a Japanese researcher who dedicates his life to the dissemination of the “magic bucket”. Secretariat of ECO-CSR JAPAN, Tokyo, Japan. www.env.go.jp/earth/coop/eco-csrjapan/en/jpec.html Surabaya Central Bureau of Statistics (2012) Kecamatan Tenggilis Mejoyo dalam angka [Tenggilis Mejoyo District in Figures]. Municipal Government of Surabaya City, Surabaya [in Indonesian] Anonymous (2012) Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 81/2012: Pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga dan sampah sejenis sampah rumah tangga [Government Regulations No. 81/2012 of the Republic of Indonesia: Management of residential solid waste and those with similar types to residential solid waste]. State Government of the Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta [in Indonesian] Almeda J, Capistrano T, Sarte G (2010) Textbook in elementary statistics. UP Press, Quezon City Tejada JJ, Punzalan JRB (2012) On the misuse of slovin’s formula. The Philippine Statistician 61(1):129–136 Turner GA (2003) Draft: Handbook on Designing of Household Sample Surveys, Chapter Two: Sampling Strategies. United Nations Secretariat,Statistics Division, New York ASTM (2011) Standard test method for determination of the composition of unprocessed municipal solid waste: ASTM D5231-92. ASTM International, West Conshohocken National Standardization Agency of Indonesia (1995) Standar Nasional Indonesia No. 19-3964-1995 tentang metode pengambilan dan pengukuran contoh timbulan dan komposisi sampah perkotaan [Indonesian National Standards No. 19-3964-1995 concerning methods for sampling, generation rate measurement, and composition analysis of municipal solid waste]. National Standardization Agency of Indonesia, Jakarta [in Indonesian] Aydamo AA, Nair AS, Zuberi MI (2012) Household solid waste generation rate and physical composition analysis: case of Hosa’ina City, SNNPRS, Ethiopia. J Recent Trends Biosci 2(1):22–28 Senzige JP, Makinde DO, Njau KN, Nkansah-Gyeke Y (2014) Factors influencing solid waste generation and composition in urban areas of Tanzania: The case of Dar-es-Salaam. Am J Environ Prot 3(4):172–178. doi:10.11648/j/ajep.20140304.11 Tchobanoglous G, Theisen H, Vigil SA (1993) Integrated solid waste management, engineering principles issues. McGraw Hill International Editions, New York Trihadiningrum Y, Wignyosoebroto S, Simatupang ND, Tirawaty S, and Damayanti O (2006) Reduction capacity of plastic component in municipal solid waste of Surabaya City, Indonesia. Proceedings International Seminar of Environmental Technology and Management Conference. Bandung: 7–8 September 2006 Troschinetz AM, Mihelcic JR (2009) Sustainable recycling of municipal solid waste in developing countries. Waste Manag 29(2):915–923. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2008.04.016 Singhirunnusorn W, Kidanun D, Kaewhanin W (2012) Household recycling behaviours and attitudes toward Waste Bank Project: Mahasarakham Municipality. J ASIAN Behav Stud 2(6):35–47 Mayor of Surabaya City (2014) Raperda tentang pengelolaan sampah Kota Surabaya [Regulation of Solid Waste Management of Surabaya City]. http://jdih.surabaya.go.id/pdfdoc/raperda_89.pdf. Accessed 7 March 2015 [in Indonesian] Visvanathan C, Adhikari R, Ananth AP (2007) 3R practices for municipal solid waste management in Asia. Kalmar ECO-TECH’07 and The Second Baltic Symposium on Environmental Chemistry. Kalmar, Sweden: 26–28 November 2007 Zurbrugg C (2002) Urban solid waste management in low-income countries of Asia. How to cope with the garbage crisis. Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) Urban Solid Waste Management Review Session, Durban, South Africa, November 2002 Maeda T (2009) Reducing waste through the promotion of composting and active involvement of various stakeholders: Replicating Surabaya’s solid waste management model. IGES Policy Brief 9 December 2009 Pandyaswargo AH, Premakumara, DGJ (2014) Financial sustainability of modern composting: the economically optimal scale for municipal waste composting plant in developing Asia. Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult (2014) 3:66. doi:10.1007/s40093-014-0066-y