Clostridium infection resulting in paralysis in a child

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 21 - Trang 237-239 - 2004
R. Shane Tubbs1,2, W. Jerry Oakes2
1Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
2Pediatric Neurosurgery Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, USA

Tóm tắt

We report an 11-year-old boy who fell from an All Terrain Vehicle and sustained multiple minor soft tissue contusions and a small midthoracic laceration. Irrigation and closure of the small wound was performed at another hospital. There was no history of a penetrating wound. Within 48 h of injury, the patient developed profound dysesthesia and paralysis of the lower extremities and was transferred to our hospital. MRI disclosed a paraspinal abnormality without bony involvement. At exploration a portion of a tree branch was removed. Wound cultures were positive for Clostridium botulinum, tetani, and perfringens. To our knowledge, this is the first case of direct Clostridium intoxication of the spinal cord in man. Moreover, this report demonstrates the invasive manner in which Clostridium toxins may breach both the intact ligamentum flavum and the dura mater to deliver their toxicity to the intradural contents. Although the patient’s dysesthesia resolved and paraplegia improved to ambulation he is still left with a significant motor deficit.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Benecke R, Takano K, Schmidt J et al (1977) Tetanus toxin induced actions on spinal Renshaw cells and Ia-inhibitory interneurons during development of local tetanus in the cat. Exp Brain Res 27:271–286 Bennett JV (1972) Tetanus. In: Hoeprich PD (ed) Infectious diseases. Harper and Row, New York, pp 1021–1029 Chesnokova NP, Arkhangel’skii AV (1979) [Biogenic amine content and the pathomorphological shifts in different organs and tissues in a period of the hematogenic spread and fixation of botulin toxin] (in Russian). Biull Eksp Biol Med 88:26–29 Chesnokova NP, Nevvazhai TA (1983) [Alterations in activity of the ATPase systems in subcellular fractions of brain and spinal cord in the preclinical period of botulinum poisoning] (in Russian). Vopr Med Khim 29:107–110 Dineen P (1972) Infections following surgical operations. In: Hoeprich PD (ed) Infectious diseases. Harper and Row, New York, pp 1233–1235 Gangarosa EJ (1972) Botulism. In: Hoeprich PD (ed) Infectious diseases. Harper and Row, New York, pp 1031–1036 Kristopaitis T, Jensen R, Gujrati M (1999) Clostridium perfringens: a rare cause of postoperative spinal surgery meningitis. Surg Neurol 51:448–450 Mikhailov VV, Bersudskii SO, Mikhailov VV (1976) [Specificity of the pathogenic effect of gas gangrene toxins on spinal alpha-motor neurons of cats] (in Russian). Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter 3:35–41 Miller CF, Brodkey JS, Colombi BJ (1977) The danger of intracranial wood. Surg Neurol 7:95–103 Munro P, Kojima H, Dupont JL et al (2001) High sensitivity of mouse neuronal cells to tetanus toxin requires a GPI-anchored protein. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 289:623–629 Peterson JJ, Bancroft LW, Kransdorf MJ (2002) Wooden foreign bodies: imaging appearance. Am J Roentgenol 178:557–562 Sakurai J, Fujii Y, Dezaki K et al (1984) Effect of clostridium perfringens beta toxin on blood pressure of rats. Microbiol Immunol 28:23–31 Specht CS, Varga JH, Jalali MM, et al (1992) Orbitocranial wooden foreign body diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. Dry wood can be isodense with air and orbital fat by computed tomography. Surv Ophthalmol 36:341–344 Tekkök IH, Higgins MJ, Ventureyra ECG (1996) Posttraumatic gas-containing brain abscess caused by clostridium perfringens with unique simultaneous fungal suppuration by myceliophthora thermophila: case report. Neurosurgery 39:1247–1251 Williamson LC, Neale EA (1998) Syntaxin and 25-kDA synaptosomal-associated protein: differential effects of botulinum neurotoxins C1 and A on neuronal survival. J Neurosci Res 52:569–583