Choosing the best (wo)man for the job: The effects of mortality salience, sex, and gender stereotypes on leader evaluations

Arndt, 2002, To belong or not to belong, that is the question: Terror management and identification with gender and ethnicity, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 26, 10.1037/0022-3514.83.1.26

Arndt, 1998, Terror management and self-awareness: Evidence that morality salience provokes avoidance of the self-focused state, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 1216, 10.1177/01461672982411008

Bartholomew, 1991, Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 226, 10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.226

Becker, 1971

Becker, 1973

Becker, 1975

Blair, 2002, The malleability of automatic stereotypes and prejudice, Personality and Social Psychology Review, 6, 242, 10.1207/S15327957PSPR0603_8

Brians, 2005, Women for women? Gender and party bias in voting for female candidates, American Politics Research, 33, 357, 10.1177/1532673X04269415

Burgess, 1999, Who women are, who women should be: Descriptive and prescriptive gender stereotyping in sex discrimination, Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 5, 665, 10.1037/1076-8971.5.3.665

Castano, 2004, In case of death, cling to the ingroup, European Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 375, 10.1002/ejsp.211

Castano, 2002, I belong, therefore, I exist: Ingroup identification, ingroup entitativity, and ingroup bias, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 135, 10.1177/0146167202282001

Catalyst, 2002

Catalyst, 2005

Catalyst, 2006

Center for American Women and Politics, 2009

Chemers, 1997

Chemers, 1995, Leadership and diversity in groups and organizations, 157

Choi, 1999, The model of followers' responses to self-sacrificial leadership: An empirical test, Leadership Quarterly, 10, 397, 10.1016/S1048-9843(99)00025-9

Cohen, 2005, The effect of reminders of death on support for George W. Bush in the 2004 presidential election, Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy (ASAP), 5, 177, 10.1111/j.1530-2415.2005.00063.x

Cohen, 2004, Fatal attraction: The effects of mortality salience on evaluations of charismatic, task-oriented, and relationship-oriented leaders, Psychological Science, 15, 846, 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00765.x

Deaux, K., & Kite, M. (1993). Gender stereotypes. In F.L. Denmark & M.A. Paludi (Eds.), Psychology of women: A handbook of issues and theories (pp. 107–139). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press/Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.

Dechesne, 2000, Terror management and the vicissitudes of sports fan affiliation: The effects of mortality salience on optimism and fan identification, European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 813, 10.1002/1099-0992(200011/12)30:6<813::AID-EJSP17>3.0.CO;2-M

Dechesne, 2003, Literal and symbolic immortality: The effect of evidence of literal immortality on self-esteem striving in response to mortality salience, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 722, 10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.722

Devine, 1999, Automaticity and control in stereotyping, 339

Devine, 2002, The regulation of explicit and implicit race bias: The role of motivations to respond without prejudice, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 835, 10.1037/0022-3514.82.5.835

Dodge, 1995, Requisite management characteristics revisited: Two decades later, Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 10, 253

Eagly, 2004, Women and men as leaders, 279

Eagly, 2004, Gender gaps in sociopolitical attitudes: A social psychological analysis, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 796, 10.1037/0022-3514.87.6.796

Eagly, 2002, Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders, Psychological Review, 109, 573, 10.1037/0033-295X.109.3.573

Ehrhart, 2001, Predicting followers' preferences for charismatic leadership: The influence of follower values and personality, Leadership Quarterly, 12, 153, 10.1016/S1048-9843(01)00074-1

Fiske, 1998, Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination, 357

Glick, 1999, Sexism and other “isms”: Independence, status, and the ambivalent content of stereotypes, 193

Goldenberg, 2003, Gender-typical responses to sexual and emotional infidelity as a function of mortality salience induced self-esteem striving, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1585, 10.1177/0146167203256880

Gosling, 2003, A very brief measure of the big five personality domains, Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504, 10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1

Greenberg, 1986, The causes and consequences of a need for self-esteem: A terror management theory, 189

Greenberg, 1990, Evidence for terror management theory II: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who threaten or bolster the cultural worldview, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 308, 10.1037/0022-3514.58.2.308

Greenberg, 1997, Terror management theory of self-esteem and social behavior: Empirical assessment and conceptual refinements, 61, 10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60016-7

Hall, 1998, Sex, task, and behavioral flexibility effects on leadership perceptions, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 74, 1, 10.1006/obhd.1998.2754

Harmon-Jones, 1996, The effect on morality salience on intergroup bias between minimal groups, European Journal of Social Psychology, 26, 677, 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199607)26:4<677::AID-EJSP777>3.0.CO;2-2

Heilman, 2001, Description and prescription: How gender stereotypes prevent women's ascent up the organizational ladder, Journal of Social Issues, 57, 657, 10.1111/0022-4537.00234

Hirschberger, 2002, Gender differences in the willingness to engage in risky behavior: A terror management perspective, Death Studies, 26, 117, 10.1080/074811802753455244

Hogg, 2006, Demographic category membership and leadership in small groups: A social identity analysis, Leadership Quarterly, 17, 335, 10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.04.007

Hoyt, 2007, Leadership efficacy and women leaders' responses to stereotype activation, Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 10, 595, 10.1177/1368430207084718

Kent, 1994, Effects of sex and gender role on leader emergence, Academy of Management Journal, 37, 1335, 10.2307/256675

Kray, 2001, Battle of the sexes: Gender stereotype confirmation and reactance in negotiations, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 942, 10.1037/0022-3514.80.6.942

Kunda, 2003, When do stereotypes come to mind and when do they color judgment? A goal-based theoretical framework for stereotype activation and application, Psychological Bulletin, 129, 522, 10.1037/0033-2909.129.4.522

Landau, 2004, Deliver us from evil: The effects of mortality salience and reminders of 9/11 on support for President George W. Bush, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 1136, 10.1177/0146167204267988

Ledet, 2000, Perceptions of women's power as a function of position within an organization, Journal of Psychology, 134, 515, 10.1080/00223980009598233

Lipman-Blumen, 1996

Major, 2003, Attributions to discrimination and self-esteem: Impact of group identification and situational ambiguity, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39, 220, 10.1016/S0022-1031(02)00547-4

McCauley, 1978, An individual and quantitative measure of stereotypes, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 929, 10.1037/0022-3514.36.9.929

Miller, 1998, The impact of candidate name order on election outcomes, Public Opinion Quarterly, 62, 291, 10.1086/297848

Myers, 2005

Pyszczynski, 1999, A dual process model of defense against conscious and unconscious death-related thoughts: An extension of terror management theory, Psychological Review, 106, 835, 10.1037/0033-295X.106.4.835

Pyszczynski, 2004, Why do people need self-esteem? A theoretical and empirical review, Psychological Bulletin, 130, 435, 10.1037/0033-2909.130.3.435

Pyszczynski, 2005, The machine in the ghost: A dual process model of defense against conscious and unconscious death-related thought, 40

Pyszczynski, 2003

Rasmussen Reports, 2006

Rosenblatt, 1989, Evidence for terror management theory: I. The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who violate or uphold cultural values, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 681, 10.1037/0022-3514.57.4.681

Rudman, 2004, Gender differences in automatic in-group bias: Why do women like women more than men like men?, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 494, 10.1037/0022-3514.87.4.494

Schimel, 1999, Stereotypes and terror management: Evidence that mortality salience enhances stereotypic thinking and preferences, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 905, 10.1037/0022-3514.77.5.905

Sears, 1986, College sophomores in the laboratory: Influences of a narrow data base on social psychology's view of human nature, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 515, 10.1037/0022-3514.51.3.515

Solomon, 1991, A terror management theory of social behavior: The psychological functions of self-esteem and cultural worldviews, Vol. 24, 93

Solomon, 2004, The cultural animal: Twenty years of terror management theory and research, 13

Steele, 1997, A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance, American Psychologist, 52, 613, 10.1037/0003-066X.52.6.613

Watson, 1991, Self- versus peer ratings of specific emotional traits: Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity, Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 60, 927, 10.1037/0022-3514.60.6.927

Watson, 1988, Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 1063, 10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063