Đặc trưng của glycoprotein đỉnh của SARS-CoV-2 trong quá trình xâm nhập virus và sự phản ứng miễn dịch chéo của nó với SARS-CoV
Tóm tắt
Kể từ năm 2002, các coronavirus beta (CoV) đã gây ra ba đợt bùng phát zoonotic, SARS-CoV vào năm 2002–2003, MERS-CoV vào năm 2012, và SARS-CoV-2 mới nổi vào cuối năm 2019. Tuy nhiên, hiện tại, kiến thức về sinh học của SARS-CoV-2 còn rất hạn chế. Ở đây, bằng cách sử dụng hệ thống pseudovirus có protein S của SARS-CoV-2, chúng tôi xác nhận rằng enzyme chuyển đổi angiotensin 2 ở người (hACE2) là thụ thể cho SARS-CoV-2, phát hiện rằng SARS-CoV-2 xâm nhập vào các tế bào 293/hACE2 chủ yếu thông qua quá trình nội bào, rằng PIKfyve, TPC2 và cathepsin L là những yếu tố quan trọng cho quá trình xâm nhập, và rằng protein S của SARS-CoV-2 kém ổn định hơn so với protein S của SARS-CoV. Kháng thể đa dòng chống lại SARS S1 T62 ức chế sự xâm nhập của SARS-CoV S nhưng không phải của các pseudovirion SARS-CoV-2 S. Các nghiên cứu tiếp theo sử dụng huyết thanh của bệnh nhân hồi phục từ SARS và COVID-19 cho thấy sự trung hòa chéo hạn chế, gợi ý rằng việc hồi phục từ một loại nhiễm trùng có thể không bảo vệ chống lại loại còn lại. Kết quả của chúng tôi trình bày những mục tiêu tiềm năng cho việc phát triển thuốc và vắc-xin dành cho SARS-CoV-2.
Từ khóa
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