Characterization of expansive soils treated with lignosulfonate
Tóm tắt
The current study examines the potential of lignosulfonate to enhance the engineering behavior of two locally available expansive soils. The expansive soils were collected from Vijayawada and Amaravathi, located in the Capital Region of Andhra Pradesh, India. The soils were treated with four different percentages (0.5, 1, 2, and 4) of lignosulfonate and were allowed to interact for 7 and 28 days. A series of laboratory tests such as unconfined compressive strength, cation exchange capacity and scanning electron microscopy were carried out on the soil specimens. The results indicated that lignosulfonate has significant influence on the strength behavior of expansive soils. The amount of fines content present in soils defines the optimum percentage of lignosulfonate. Lignosulfonate treatment resulted in reduced negative surface charge of soils and formation of Polymer chain microstructure along with flocculated or aggregated particle microstructure, which may attribute to the enhanced strength of the expansive soils.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Alazigha DP, Indraratna B, Vinod JS, Ezeajugh LE (2016) The swelling behaviour of lignosulfonate-treated expansive soil. Proc Inst Civil Eng 169(3):182–193
Alazigha DP, Vinod JS, Indraratna B, Heitor A (2018) Potential use of lignosulfonate for expansive soil stabilization. Environ Geotech 6(7):480–488
Arel HŞ (2017) The effect of lignosulfonates on concretes produced with cements of variable fineness and calcium aluminate content. Constr Build Mater 131:347–360
Aro T, Fatehi P (2017) Production and application of lignosulfonates and sulfonated lignin. Chemsuschem 10(9):1861–1877
Blanck G, Cuisinier O, Masrouri F (2014) Soil treatment with organic non-traditional additives for the improvement of earthworks. Acta Geotech 9(6):1111–1122
Chavali RVP, Reddy PHP, Murthy VR, Sivapullaiah PV (2018) Swelling characteristics of soils subjected to acid contamination. Soils Found 58(1):110–121
Chen Q, Indraratna B, Carter J, Rujikiatkamjorn C (2014) A theoretical and experimental study on the behavior of lignosulfonate-treated sandy silt. Comp Geotech 61:316–327
Cokca E, Birand A (1993) Determination of cation exchange capacity of clayey soils by the methylene blue test. Geotech Test J 16(4):518–524
Colombo A, Geiker M, Justnes H, Lauten RA, De Weerdt K (2017) On the mechanisms of consumption of calcium lignosulfonate by cement paste. Cement Concrete Res 98:1–9
Ding X, Xu G, Kizil M, Zhou W, Guo X (2018) Lignosulfonate treating bauxite residue dust pollution: enhancement of mechanical properties and wind erosion behavior. Water Air Soil Poll. 229(7):214
Danner TA, Justnes H, Geiker MR, Lauten RA (2015) Effect of lignosulfonate plasticizers on the hydration of C3A. In: 14th international congress on the chemistry of cement, Beijing, China
Dominijanni A, Fratalocchi E, Guarena N, Manassero M, Mazzieri F (2019) Critical issues in the determination of the bentonite cation exchange capacity. Géotech Lett 9(3):205–210
Indraratna B, Muttuvel T, Khabbaz H, Armstrong R (2008) Predicting the erosion rate of chemically treated soil using a process simulation apparatus for internal crack erosion. J Geotech Geoenviron 134(6):837–844
Indraratna B, Mahamud MAA, Vinod JS (2012) Chemical and mineralogical behaviour of lignosulfonate treated soils. In: GeoCongress 2012: state of the art and practice in geotechnical engineering, pp 1146–1155
Koohpeyma HR, Vakili AH, Moayedi H, Panjsetooni A, Nazir R (2013) Investigating the effect of lignosulfonate on erosion rate of the embankments constructed with clayey sand. Sci World J. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/587462
Lemes AP, Soto-Oviedo MA, Innocentini Mei LH, Durán N (2015) Processing, chemical structure and morphology of poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)/lignosulfonate composites. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Mercosur congress chemical engineering, Enpromer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, pp 1–6
Li G, Hou X, Ma W, Wang F (2019) Mechanical properties of loess treated by calcium lignosulfonate. Recent advances in geo-environmental engineering, geomechanics and geotechnics, and geohazards. Springer, Cham, pp 287–289
Li C, Pan Q, Zhang J, Qin X, Wang Z, Liu L, Pei M (2007) The modification of calcium lignosulfonate and its applications in cementitious materials. J Disper Sci Technol 28(8):1205–1208
Maskell D, Walker P, Heath A (2012) The compressive strength of lignosulphonate stabilised extruded earth masonry units. Terra, 2012, pp 11th
Niaounakis M (2015) Building and construction applications. William Andrew Publishing, New York. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-35399-1.00010-7
Noorzad R, Ta’negonbadi B (2018) Mechanical properties of expansive clay stabilized with lignosulfonate. Quart J Eng Geol Hydrogen 51(4):483–492
Ouyang X, Qiu X, Chen P (2006) Physicochemical characterization of calcium lignosulfonate—a potentially useful water reducer. Colloid Surf A. 282:489–497
Pei X, Zhang F, Wu W, Liang S (2015) Physicochemical and index properties of loess stabilized with lime and fly ash piles. Appl Clay Sci 114:77–84
Puppala AJ, Hanchanloet S (1999) Evaluation of a new chemical treatment method on strength and resilient properties of a cohesive soil. Transport. Res. Board: Paper No. 990389
Ravishankar AU, Panditharadhya BJ, Reddy KJC, Amulya S (2017) Experimental investigation of lateritic soil treated with calcium lignosulfonate. indian geotechnical conference, GeoNEst, 14–16 December 2017, IIT Guwahati, India
Santoni RL, Tingle JS, Webster SL (2002) Stabilization of silty sand with nontraditional additives. Transp. Res Rec 1787:61–70
Sezer A, Mardani-Aghabaglou A, Boz A, Tanrınıan N (2016) An investigation into strength and permittivity of compacted sand-clay mixtures by partial replacement of water with lignosulfonate. Acta Phys Pol A 130(1):23–27
Shivashankar R, Thomas BC, Krishnanunni KT, Reddy DV (2019) Slope stability studies of excavated slopes in lateritic formations. Geotech Appl. Springer, Singapore, pp 127–134
Sridharan A, Prakash K (1999) Mechanisms controlling the undrained shear strength behaviour of clays. Can Geotech J 36(6):1030–1038
Ta’negonbadi B, Noorzad R (2017) Stabilization of clayey soil using lignosulfonate. Transp Geotech 12:45–55
Telysheva G, Shulga G (1995) Silicon-containing polycomplexes for protection against wind erosion of sandy soil. J Agric Eng Res 62(4):221–227
Tingle J, Santoni R (2003) Stabilization of clay soils with nontraditional additives. Transp Res Rec 1819:72–84
Vakili AH, Kaedi M, Mokhberi M, Bin Selamat mr, Salimi M (2018) Treatment of highly dispersive clay by lignosulfonate addition and electroosmosis application. Appl Clay Sci 152:1–8
Vinod J, Indraratna B, Mahamud MA (2010) Stabilisation of an erodible soil using a chemical admixture. Proc Inst Civil Eng 163:43–51
Wold S, Eriksen TE (2003) Diffusion of lignosulfonate colloids in compacted bentonite. Appl Clay Sci 23(1–4):43–50