Characterisation of Nanoporous Gold for Use in a Dissolved Oxygen Sensing Application

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 5 - Trang 55-63 - 2015
K. Twomey1, L. C. Nagle1, A. Said1, F. Barry1, V. I. Ogurtsov1
1Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland

Tóm tắt

A nanoporous gold (NPG) microdisc array in a three-electrode electrochemical cell arrangement has been fabricated and characterised for a dissolved oxygen sensing application. The device will be used for monitoring of drinking water quality in rural communities in India, where there is a need for a miniaturised, low-cost dissolved oxygen sensor. The NPG microdisc array exhibits improved electrochemical responses compared to a planar gold microdisc array, owing to its extended surface area. In 1 mM ferrocene carboxylic acid, the experimental limiting currents obtained are twice as large as the theoretical limiting current for a planar gold microarray. A 252-nm-thick NPG layer resulted in a limiting current of 627 nA (compared to the estimated current of 295 nA). The voltammetric behaviour in water samples from a pilot site in India was investigated for increasing oxygen content, and a comparison was made with a macrodisc gold electrode and an unmodified microdisc array. The NPG microdisc array demonstrated improved characteristics over both devices and exhibited a higher correlation (average value 0.925) compared with the unmodified array (0.819) and macrodisc (0.870). An improvement in signal-to-noise ratio was also observed to be 12.349 versus 5.259 (microelecrode array) and 5.604 (macroelectrode). The response time for the NPG microdisc array versus a commercial dissolved oxygen sensor showed a faster response time of 20 versus 40 s.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Jessoe, K. (2013). Improved source, improved quality? Demand for drinking water quality in rural India. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 66(3), 460–475. doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2013.05.001.

Hu, C., Bai, X., Wang, Y., Jin, W., Zhang, X., & Hu, S. (2012). Inkjet printing of nanoporous gold electrode arrays on cellulose membranes for high-sensitive paper-like electrochemical oxygen sensors using ionic liquid electrolytes. Analytical Chemistry, 84(8), 3745–3750.

Xin, Q., Di, S., Faqiang, Q., & Juan, C. (2013). Study of digital dissolved oxygen analytical sensor of ppb-level. Sensors Journal IEEE, 13(11), 4279–4286. doi:10.1109/jsen.2013.2256345.

Martin, C. S., Dadamos, T. R. L., & Teixeira, M. F. S. (2012). Development of an electrochemical sensor for determination of dissolved oxygen by nickel–salen polymeric film modified electrode. Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, 175(0), 111–117. doi:10.1016/j.snb.2011.12.098.

Dadamos, T. R., Martin, C. S., & Teixeira, M. F. S. (2011). Development of nanostructured electrochemical sensor based on polymer film nickel-salen for determination of dissolved oxygen. Procedia Engineering, 25(0), 1057–1060. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.12.260.

van Noort, D., & Mandenius, C.-F. (2000). Porous gold surfaces for biosensor applications. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 15(3–4), 203–209. doi:10.1016/S0956-5663(00)00061-0.

Zhong, G., Liu, A., Chen, X., Wang, K., Lian, Z., Liu, Q., Chen, Y., Du, M., & Lin, X. (2011). Electrochemical biosensor based on nanoporous gold electrode for detection of PML/RARα fusion gene. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 26(9), 3812–3817. doi:10.1016/j.bios.2011.02.039.

Nagle, L. C., & Rohan, J. F. (2011). Nanoporous gold anode catalyst for direct borohydride fuel cell. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36(16), 10319–10326. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.09.077.

Lang X-Y, Fu H-Y, Hou C, Han G-F, Yang P, Liu Y-B, Jiang Q (2013). Nanoporous gold supported cobalt oxide microelectrodes as high-performance electrochemical biosensors. National Communications 4. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3169.

Jiang, J., & Wang, X. (2012). Fabrication of high-surface nanoporous gold microelectrode. Electrochemistry Communications, 20, 157–159. doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2012.04.028.

Grancharov, G., Khosravi, E., Wood, D., Turton, A., & Kataky, R. (2005). Individually addressable recessed gold microelectrode arrays with monolayers of thio-cyclodextrin nanocavities. Analyst, 130(10), 1351–1357. doi:10.1039/b506367a.

Ogurtsov, V. I., Twomey, K., & Herzog, G. (2014). 13.12 - development of an integrated electrochemical sensing system to monitor port water quality using autonomous robotic fish. In S. Hashmi, G. F. Batalha, C. J. V. Tyne, & B. Yilbas (Eds.), Comprehensive materials processing (pp. 317–351). Oxford: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-096532-1.01312-1.

Twomey, K., de Eulate, E. A., Alderman, J., & Arrigan, D. W. M. (2009). Fabrication and characterization of a miniaturized planar voltammetric sensor array for use in an electronic tongue. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 140(2), 532–541. doi:10.1016/j.snb.2009.05.031.

Herzog, G., Moujahid, W., Twomey, K., Lyons, C., & Ogurtsov, V. I. (2013). On-chip electrochemical microsystems for measurements of copper and conductivity in artificial seawater. Talanta, 116, 26–32.

Guo, J., & Lindner, E. (2008). Cyclic voltammograms at coplanar and shallow recessed microdisk electrode arrays: guidelines for design and experiment. Analytical Chemistry, 81(1), 130–138. doi:10.1021/ac801592j.

Ferrigno, R., & Girault, H. H. (2000). Finite element simulation of electrochemical AC diffusional impedance. Application to recessed microdiscs. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 492(1), 1–6. doi:10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00236-9.

Arrigan, D. W. (2004). Nanoelectrodes, nanoelectrode arrays and their applications. Analyst, 129(12), 1157–1165.

Zeis, R., Lei, T., Sieradzki, K., Snyder, J., & Erlebacher, J. (2008). Catalytic reduction of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide by nanoporous gold. Journal of Catalysis, 253(1), 132–138. doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2007.10.017.

Sosna, M., Denuault, G., Pascal, R. W., Prien, R. D., & Mowlem, M. (2007). Development of a reliable microelectrode dissolved oxygen sensor. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 123(1), 344–351. doi:10.1016/j.snb.2006.08.033.

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Tập 5

55-63

Thông tin tác giả