Changes of Physical Activity and Ultra-Processed Food Consumption in Adolescents from Different Countries during Covid-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study
Tóm tắt
Aim: to describe physical activity and ultra-processed foods consumption, their changes and sociodemographic predictors among adolescents from countries in Europe (Italy and Spain) and Latin America (Brazil, Chile, and Colombia) during the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic period. Methods: Cross-sectional study via web survey. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and weekly ultra-processed food consumption data were used. To compare the frequencies of physical activity status with sociodemographic variables, a multinomial logistic and a multiple logistic regression for habitual ultra-processed foods was performed. In final models, p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Sample of 726 adolescents, mostly females (59.6%) aged 16–19 years old (54.3%). Adolescents from Latin America presented odds ratio (OR) 2.98 (CI 95% 1.80–4.94) of being inactive and those whose mothers had higher level of education were less active during lockdown [OR 0.40 (CI 95% 0.20–0.84)]. The habitual ultra-processed consumption was also high during this period in all countries, and more prevalent in Latin America. Conclusion: A higher prevalence of inactivity was observed in this population, but reductions of physical activity and habitual ultra-processed consumption during the pandemic were more pronounced in Latin America. Our findings reinforce the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle, i.e., exercise and diet, during periods of social isolation.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
World Health Organization (2020, April 04). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic. Available online: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.
World Health Organization (2020, April 04). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Advice for the Public. Available online: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public.
Scarmozzino, F., and Visioli, F. (2020). Covid-19 and the Subsequent Lockdown Modified Dietary Habits of Almost Half the Population in an Italian Sample. Foods, 9.
Wu, X.Y., Han, L.H., Zhang, J.H., Luo, S., Hu, J.W., and Sun, K. (2017). The influence of physical activity, sedentary behavioron health related quality of life among the general population of children and adolescents: A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 9.
Bann, 2019, Adolescents’ physicalactivity: Cross-National comparisons of levels, distributions and disparities across 52 countries, Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act., 16, 141, 10.1186/s12966-019-0897-z
World Health Organization (2018). Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018–2030: More Active People for a Healthier World, World Health Organization.
Hallal, 2012, Global physical activity levels: Surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects, Lancet, 380, 247, 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60646-1
Cureau, F.V., Da Silva, T.L.N., Bloch, K.V., Fujimori, E., Belfort, D.R., De Carvalho, K.M.B., De Leon, E.B., De Vasconcellos, M.T.L., Ekelund, U., and Schaan, B.D. (2016). ERICA: Leisure-Time physical inactivity in Brazilian adolescents. Rev. Saúde Pública, 50.
Enes, 2019, Consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e obesidade em adolescentes, Rev. Nutr., 32, 170
Ammar, A., Brach, M., Trabelsi, K., Chtourou, H., Boukhris, O., Masmoudi, L., Bouaziz, B., Bentlage, E., How, D., and Ahmed, M. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 International Online Survey. Nutrients, 12.
R Development Core Team (2008). R Foundation for Statistical Computing, R Development Core Team.
Monteiro, 2017, The UN Decade of Nutrition, the NOVA food classification and the trouble with ultra-processing, Public Health Nutr., 21, 5, 10.1017/S1368980017000234
Craig, 2003, International Physical Activity Questionnaire: 12-Country Reliability and Validity, Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 35, 1381, 10.1249/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB
IBM Corp (2016). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corporation. Version 24.0.
Pinto, 2016, Validação de instrumento desenvolvido para avaliação da promoção de saúde na escola, Rev. Saúde Pública, 50, 2
Janssen, 2010, Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth, Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act., 7, 40, 10.1186/1479-5868-7-40
Abreu, 2018, Quais os diagnósticos mais frequentes na adolescência? A realidade de uma consulta de Medicina do Adolescente, Einstein São Paulo, 16, eAO4225
Tremblay, 2016, Global Matrix 2.0: Report Card Grades on the Physical Activity of Children and Youth Comparing 38 Countries, J. Phys. Act. Health, 13, S343, 10.1123/jpah.2016-0594
Lang, 2016, International variability in 20 m shuttle run performance in children and youth: Who are the fittest from a 50-country comparison? A systematic literature review with pooling of aggregate results, Br. J. Sports Med., 52, 276, 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096224
The Lancet Public Health (2019). Time to tackle the physical activity gender gap. Lancet Public Health, 4, e360.
Laird, 2016, The role of social support on physical activity behaviour in adolescent girls: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act., 13, 79, 10.1186/s12966-016-0405-7
Mediouni, M., Madiouni, R., and Kaczor-Urbanowicz, K.E. (2020). COVID-19: How the Quarantine could lead to the Depreobesity. Obes. Med., 100255.
Viner, 2012, Adolescence and the social determinants of health, Lancet, 379, 1641, 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60149-4
Elgar, 2015, Socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent health 2002–2010: A time-series analysis of 34 countries participating in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study, Lancet, 385, 2088, 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61460-4
Pietrobelli, 2020, Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Lifestyle Behaviors in Children with Obesity Living in Verona, Italy: A Longitudinal Study, Obesity, 28, 1382, 10.1002/oby.22861
Rauber, 2015, Consumption of ultra-processed food products and its effects on children’s lipid profiles: A longitudinal study, Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis., 25, 116, 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.08.001
Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G.P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B.E., and Li, F. (2020). Returning Chinese school-aged children and adolescents to physical activity in the wake of COVID-19: Actions and precautions. J. Sport Health Sci., ahead of print.
Levy, 2010, Consumo e comportamento alimentar entre adolescentes brasileiros: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), 2009, Ciênc. Saúde Colet., 15, 3085, 10.1590/S1413-81232010000800013
Mouratidou, 2012, Food Consumption and Screen-Based Sedentary Behaviors in European Adolescents: The Helena study, Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med., 166, 1010, 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.646
Pearson, 2011, Sedentary Behavior and Dietary Intake in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: A systematic review, Am. J. Prev. Med., 41, 178, 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.05.002
Wendt, 2018, Comportamento sedentário e consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados entre adolescentes brasileiros: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), 2015, Cad. Saúde Pública, 34, 1
Mais, 2017, Parental Feeding Practices among Brazilian School-Aged Children: Associations with Parent and Child Characteristics, Front. Nutr., 4, 1, 10.3389/fnut.2017.00006
Hagfors, 2011, Diet cost, diet quality and socio-economic position: How are they related and what contributes to differences in diet costs?, Public Health Nutr., 14, 1680, 10.1017/S1368980010003642
Molina, 2010, Zandonade, E. Preditores socioeconômicos da qualidade da alimentação de crianças, Rev. Saúde Pública, 44, 732, 10.1590/S0034-89102010005000036
Mouratidou, 2012, Parental education and frequency of food consumption in European children: The IDEFICS study, Public Health Nutr., 16, 487
Ruiz-Roso, M.B., Padilha, P.D.C., Mantilla-Escalante, D.C., Ulloa, N., Brun, P., Acevedo-Correa, D., Peres, W.A.F., Martorell, M., Aires, M.T., and Cardoso, L.D.O. (2020). Covid-19 Confinement and Changes of Adolescent’s Dietary Trends in Italy, Spain, Chile, Colombia and Brazil. Nutrients, 12.