Challenges and Opportunities of Bio-Circular-Green Economy for Agriculture

Ukrit Jaroenkietkajorn1,2, Shabbir H. Gheewala1,2, Rattanawan Mungkung3,4, Napat Jakrawatana5, Thapat Silalertruksa6, Naruetep Lecksiwilai1,2, Jittima Prasara-A7, Pariyapat Nilsalab1,2
1Centre of Excellence on Energy Technology and Environment, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand
2Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
3Department of Environmental Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
4Centre of Excellence on Environmental Strategy for GREEN Business (VGREEN), Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
5Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiangmai University, Chiangmai, Thailand
6Department of Environmental Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
7Energy and Environment for Sustainable Development Research and Training Center, Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand

Tóm tắt

Many countries, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions, have a substantial production of agricultural products, both for domestic consumption and export. This study explores the challenges and opportunities presented by the Bio-Circular-Green economy (BCG) model when applied to the agricultural sector. The theory, concepts, approaches, and sustainability assessment tools underpinning the BCG model are reviewed along with examples of agricultural value chains integrating value-added products. The challenges and opportunities associated with adapting the BCG model to the agricultural value chains are presented and a sustainability assessment framework integrating all sustainability pillars developed. Examples of potential value chains considered include value-added products generated from all biomass which align with the goal of promoting a carbon neutrality and BCG model. The potential of agricultural value chains can be enhanced using a biorefinery concept; however, the technology for biorefining to produce value-added products and investment costs pose a major challenge. The technical development of collection and storage processes, as well as the management of logistics are prioritized for appropriate management. The developed sustainability assessment framework includes three tools, viz., life cycle assessment, social life cycle assessment, and cost-benefit analysis, encompass all the sustainability dimensions. These tools are further supported by Nature-based Solution, material flow analysis and ecological footprint to consider the ecosystem conservation, resource prioritization, and ecological capacity limitation, respectively.

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