Polyaniline và Polypyrrole được carbon hóa: Hướng tới các vật liệu carbon chứa nitơ tiên tiến
Tóm tắt
Polyaniline (PANI) và polypyrrole (PPY) trải qua quá trình carbon hóa trong môi trường trơ/reduction và chân không, cho ra các vật liệu carbon chứa nitơ khác nhau. Bài viết này tổng hợp lại nhiều quy trình khác nhau để carbon hóa các tiền chất PANI và PPY, cùng với các đặc điểm của polyaniline đã carbon hóa (C-PANI) và polypyrrole đã carbon hóa (C-PPY) thu được. Đặc biệt chú ý đến vai trò của các quy trình tổng hợp trong việc điều chỉnh sự hình thành của các cấu trúc nano C-PANI và C-PPY. Bài đánh giá cũng xem xét tầm quan trọng của các phương pháp quang điện tử quét và truyền (scanning and transmission electron microscopies), phổ XPS, FTIR, Raman, NMR, EPR, đo điện trở và hấp thụ/khử hấp thụ, XRD, và phân tích nguyên tố trong việc đặc trưng cho C-PANIs và C-PPYs. Ứng dụng của C-PANI và C-PPY trong nhiều lĩnh vực công nghệ hiện đại cũng được xem xét.
Từ khóa
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