Carbohydrate intake during early pregnancy is inversely associated with abnormal glucose challenge test results in Japanese pregnant women

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews - Tập 33 Số 6 - 2017
Ryoko Tajima1, Yoko Yachi2, Yasuhiro Tanaka3, Yui Kawasaki1, Izumi Nishibata4, Ayumi Hirose5, Chika Horikawa6, Satoru Kodama7, Kaoruko Iida1, Hirohito Sone8
1Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
2Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Care Science, Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Chiba, Japan
3Tanaka Women's Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
4Kawasaki City College of Nursing, Kanagawa, Japan
5Department of Child Studies, Faculty of Human Welfare, Seigakuin University, Saitama, Japan
6Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture, Niigata, Japan
7Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology for Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
8Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan

Tóm tắt

AbstractBackgroundIn East Asian countries, which have a high prevalence of underweight individuals, there is little information about the association between dietary factors and abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy. We examined the association between carbohydrate intake and moderately abnormal glucose tolerance in Japanese pregnant women.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study on 325 Japanese pregnant women without a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus prior to pregnancy. Dietary carbohydrate intake (% of total energy intake) was assessed using a 3‐day dietary record during weeks 8‐15 of pregnancy. Glucose tolerance was assessed by the 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) during weeks 24‐28 of pregnancy. A positive GCT result was defined by a 1‐hour plasma concentration ≥ 7.8 mmol/L. Odds ratios of a positive GCT were calculated for the top and middle tertile categories of carbohydrate intake using the bottom category as reference.ResultsMean (standard deviation) body mass index at the first prenatal visit was 19.7 (1.9) kg/m2, and 95 women were underweight. Seventy‐four women had positive GCT results. Carbohydrate intake was negatively associated with a positive GCT result after adjusting for age, parity, body mass index at first prenatal visit, family history of diabetes mellitus, rate of gestational weight gain, energy intake, and dietary fiber intake (odds ratio for top category: 0.46 [95% CI, 0.23‐0.93]).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that high carbohydrate intake was negatively associated with moderately abnormal glucose tolerance in a population with a high prevalence of underweight individuals.

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Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews

Tập 33 Số 6

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