Brain dysmyelination and recovery assessment by noninvasive in vivo diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging

Journal of Neuroscience Research - Tập 83 Số 3 - Trang 392-402 - 2006
Laura Harsan1, P. Poulet1, Blandine Guignard1, J. Steibel1, Nathalie Parizel1, Paulo Loureiro de Sousa1, Nelly Boehm2, Daniel Grucker1, M. Saïd Ghandour1
1UMR 7004 CNRS/ULP, Institut de Physique Biologique, Faculté de Médecine,Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France.
2Service Central de Microscopie Electronique, Faculté de Médecine, Université Louis Pasteur,Strasbourg, France

Tóm tắt

AbstractDiffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT‐MRI) was applied for in vivo quantification of myelin loss and regeneration. A transgenic mouse line (Oligo‐TTK) expressing a truncated form of the herpes simplex virus 1 thymidine kinase gene (hsv1‐tk) in oligodendrocytes was studied along with two induced phenotypes of myelin pathology. Myelin loss and axonal abnormalities differentially affect values of DT‐MRI parameters in the brain of transgenic mice. Changes in the anisotropy of the white matter were assessed by calculating and mapping the radial (D⊥) and axial (D∥) water diffusion to axonal tracts and fractional anisotropy (FA). A significant increase in D⊥ attributed to the lack of myelin was observed in all selected brain white matter tracts in dysmyelinated mice. Lower D∥ values were consistent with the histological observation of axonal modifications, including reduced axonal caliber and overexpression of neurofilaments and III β‐tubulin. We show clearly that myelination and axonal changes play a role in the degree of diffusion anisotropy, because FA was significantly decreased in dysmyelinated brain. Importantly, myelin reparation during brain postnatal development induced a decrease in the magnitude of D⊥ and an increase in FA compared with the same brain before recovery. The progressive increase in D∥ values was attributed to the gain in normal axonal morphology. This regeneration was confirmed by the detection of enlarged oligodendrocyte population, newly formed myelin sheaths around additional axons, and a gradual increase in axonal caliber. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Journal of Neuroscience Research

Tập 83 Số 3

392-402

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