Brain areas associated with numbers and calculations in children: Meta-analyses of fMRI studies

Agostino, 2010, Executive functions underlying multiplicative reasoning: problem type matters, J. Exp. Child Psychol., 105, 286, 10.1016/j.jecp.2009.09.006 Ansari, 2006, Age-related changes in the activation of the intraparietal sulcus during nonsymbolic magnitude processing: an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study, J. Cogn. Neurosci., 18, 1820, 10.1162/jocn.2006.18.11.1820 Ansari, 2005, Neural correlates of symbolic number processing in children and adults, Neuroreport, 16, 1769, 10.1097/01.wnr.0000183905.23396.f1 Ansari, 2008, Effects of development and enculturation on number representation in the brain, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 9, 278, 10.1038/nrn2334 Arsalidou, 2016, Why quantitative measures are critical for understanding typical and atypical cognitive development, Brain Imaging Behav., 1 Arsalidou, 2016, Constructivist developmental theory is needed in developmental neuroscience, NPJ Sci. Learn., 1, 16016, 10.1038/npjscilearn.2016.16 Arsalidou, 2011, Is 2 + 2 = 4?: Meta-analyses of brain areas needed for numbers and calculations, Neuroimage, 54, 2382, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.009 Arsalidou, 2010, Misleading cues improve developmental assessment of working memory capacity: the color tasks, Cogn. Dev., 25, 262, 10.1016/j.cogdev.2010.07.001 Arsalidou, 2013, A balancing act of the brain: activations and deactivations driven by cognitive load, Brain Behav., 3, 273, 10.1002/brb3.128 Arsalidou, 2013, The centre of the brain: topographical model of motor, cognitive, affective, and somatosensory functions of the basal ganglia, Hum. Brain Mapp., 34, 3031, 10.1002/hbm.22124 Arsalidou, 2017, Commentary: selective development of anticorrelated networks in the intrinsic functional organization of the human brain, Front. Hum. Neurosci., 11, 13, 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00013 Ashkenazi, 2012, Weak task-related modulation and stimulus representations during arithmetic problem solving in children with developmental dyscalculia, Dev. Cogn. Neurosci., 25, S152, 10.1016/j.dcn.2011.09.006 Berteletti, 2014, Children with mathematical learning disability fail in recruiting verbal and numerical brain regions when solving simple multiplication problems, Cortex, 57, 143, 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.04.001 Berteletti, 2015, How number line estimation skills relate to neural activations in single digit subtraction problems, Neuroimage, 107, 198, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.12.011 Bugden, 2012, The role of the left intraparietal sulcus in the relationship between symbolic number processing and children's arithmetic competence, Dev. Cogn. Neurosci., 2, 448, 10.1016/j.dcn.2012.04.001 Cai, 2014, Sensorimotor-independent prefrontal activity during response inhibition, Hum. Brain Mapp., 35, 2119, 10.1002/hbm.22315 Cantlon, 2006, Functional imaging of numerical processing in adults and 4-y-old children, PLoS Biol., 4, 844, 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040125 Cauda, 2012, Meta-analytic clustering of the insular cortex characterizing the meta-analytic connectivity of the insula when involved in active tasks, Neuroimage, 62, 343, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.012 Chang, 2016, Heterogeneous and nonlinear development of human posterior parietal cortex function, Neuroimage, 126, 184, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.11.053 Chein, 2005, Neuroimaging studies of practice-related change: fMRI and meta-analytic evidence of a domain-general control network for learning, Cogn. Brain Res., 25, 607, 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.013 Chen, 2006, Neural correlates of serial abacus mental calculation in children: a functional MRI study, Neurosci. Lett., 403, 46, 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.04.041 Christoff, 2000, The frontopolar cortex and human cognition: evidence for a rostocaudal hierarchical organization within the human cortex, Psychobiology, 28, 168, 10.3758/BF03331976 Christoff, 2009, Prefrontal organization of cognitive control according to levels of abstraction, Brain Res., 1286, 94, 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.05.096 Cohen Kadosh, 2009, Numerical representation in the parietal lobes: abstract or not abstract?, Behav. Brain Sci., 32, 313, 10.1017/S0140525X09990938 Cox, 1996, AFNI: software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages, Comput. Biomed. Res., 29, 162, 10.1006/cbmr.1996.0014 Crick, 2005, What is the function of the claustrum?, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci., 360, 1271, 10.1098/rstb.2005.1661 Damasio, 2010 Davis, 2009, The neural correlates of calculation ability in children: an FMRI study, Magn. Reson. Imaging, 27, 1187, 10.1016/j.mri.2009.05.010 Davis, 2009, Aberrant functional activation in school age children at-risk for mathematical disability: a functional study of simple arithmetic skill, Neuropsychologia, 47, 2470, 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.04.024 De Smedt, 2011, Effects of problem size and arithmetic operation on brain activation during calculation in children with varying levels of arithmetical fluency, Neuroimage, 57, 771, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.12.037 Dehaene, 1995, Towards an anatomical and functional model of number processing, Math. Cogn., 1, 83 Dehaene, 1997, Cerebral pathways for calculation: double dissociation between rote verbal and quantitative knowledge of arithmetic, Cortex, 33, 219, 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70002-9 Dehaene, 2007, Cultural recycling of cortical maps, Neuron, 56, 384, 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.10.004 Dehaene, 2003, Three parietal circuits for number processing, Cogn. Neuropsychol., 20, 487, 10.1080/02643290244000239 Delazer, 2003, Learning complex arithmetic- an fMRI study, Cogn. Brain Res., 18, 76, 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2003.09.005 Demir-Lira, 2016, Neural correlates of math gains vary depending on parental socioeconomic status (SES), Front. Psychol., 7 Di Martino, 2009, Functional brain correlates of social and nonsocial processes in autism spectrum disorders: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis, Biol. Psychiatry, 65, 63, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.09.022 Du, 2013, Abacus training modulates the neural correlates of exact and approximate calculations in Chinese children: an fMRI study, Biomed Res. Int., 2013, 1 Duerden, 2013, Lateralization of affective processing in the insula, Neuroimage, 78, 159, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.014 Eccles, 1980 Eickhoff, 2009, Coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of neuroimaging data: a random-effects approach based on empirical estimates of spatial uncertainty, Human Brain Mapp., 30, 2907, 10.1002/hbm.20718 Eickhoff, 2012, Activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis revisited, Neuroimage, 59, 2349, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.09.017 Eickhoff, 2017, Implementation errors in the GingerALE Software: description and recommendations, Hum. Brain Mapp., 38, 7, 10.1002/hbm.23342 Eliez, 2001, Functional brain imaging study of mathematical reasoning abilities in velocardiofacial syndrome (del22q11.2), Genet. Med., 3, 49, 10.1097/00125817-200101000-00011 Emerson, 2012, Early math achievement and functional connectivity in the fronto-parietal network, Dev. Cogn. Neurosci., 2, S139, 10.1016/j.dcn.2011.11.003 Fehr, 2007, Common brain regions underlying different arithmetic operations as revealed by conjunct fMRI–BOLD activation, Brain Res., 1172, 93, 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.07.043 Ferreira, 2015, The neural correlates of semantic richness: evidence from an fMRI study of word learning, Brain Lang., 143, 69, 10.1016/j.bandl.2015.02.005 Gazzaniga, 1962, Some functional effects of sectioning the cerebral commissures in man, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 48, 1765, 10.1073/pnas.48.10.1765 Gogtay, 2004, Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 101, 8174, 10.1073/pnas.0402680101 Goll, 2015, Attention: the claustrum, Trends Neurosci., 38, 486, 10.1016/j.tins.2015.05.006 Gu, 2013, Anterior insular cortex and emotional awareness, J. Comp. Neurol., 521, 3371, 10.1002/cne.23368 Gullick, 2013, Understanding less than nothing: children’s neural response to negative numbers shifts across age and accuracy, Front. Psychol., 4, 1, 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00584 Holloway, 2010, Developmental specialization in the right intraparietal sulcus for the abstract representation of numerical magnitude, J. Cogn. Neurosci., 22, 2627, 10.1162/jocn.2009.21399 Holroyd, 2011, An integrative theory of anterior cingulate cortex function: option selection in hierarchical reinforcement learning, 333 Houdé, 2010, Mapping numerical processing, reading, and executive functions in the developing brain: an fMRI meta-analysis of 52 studies including 842 children, Dev. Sci., 13, 876, 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00938.x Ischebeck, 2009, Flexible transfer of knowledge in mental arithmetic — an fMRI study, NeuroImage, 44, 1103, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.10.025 Iuculano, 2015, Cognitive tutoring induces widespread neuroplasticity and remediates brain function in children with mathematical learning disabilities, Nat. Commun., 6, 1, 10.1038/ncomms9453 Kaufmann, 2006, Neural correlates of the number–size interference task in children, Neuroreport, 17, 587, 10.1097/00001756-200604240-00007 Kaufmann, 2008, A developmental fMRI study of nonsymbolic numerical and spatial processing, Cortex, 44, 376, 10.1016/j.cortex.2007.08.003 Kaufmann, 2011, Meta-analyses of developmental fMRI studies investigating typical and atypical trajectories of number processing and calculation, Dev. Neuropsychol., 36, 763, 10.1080/87565641.2010.549884 Kawashima, 2004, A functional MRI study of simple arithmetic—a comparison between children and adults, Cogn. Brain Res., 18, 225, 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2003.10.009 Kersey, 2017, Primitive concepts of number and the developing human brain, Lang. Learn. Dev., 13, 191, 10.1080/15475441.2016.1264878 Kesler, 2006, Neurofunctional differences associated with arithmetic processing in Turner syndrome, Cereb. Cortex, 16, 849, 10.1093/cercor/bhj028 Klien, 2014, Processing of intentional and automatic number magnitudes in children born prematurely: evidence from fmri, Dev. Neuropsychol., 39, 342, 10.1080/87565641.2014.939179 Kong, 2005, The neural substrate of arithmetic operations and procedure complexity, Cogn. Brain Res., 22, 397, 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.09.011 Kotsoni, 2006, Special considerations for functional magnetic resonance imaging of pediatric populations, J. Magn. Reson. Imaging, 23, 877, 10.1002/jmri.20578 Kovas, 2009, Brain correlates of non-symbolic numerosity estimation in low and high mathematical ability children, PLoS One, 4, e4587, 10.1371/journal.pone.0004587 Krinzinger, 2011, Sensitivity, reproducibility, and reliability of self-paced versus fixed stimulus presentation in an fMRI study on exact, non-symbolic arithmetic in typically developing children aged between 6 and 12 years, Dev. Neuropsychol., 36, 721, 10.1080/87565641.2010.549882 Kucian, 2011, Mental number line training in children with developmental dyscalculia, Neuroimage, 57, 782, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.01.070 Kucian, 2011, Non-symbolic numerical distance effect in children with and without developmental dyscalculia: a parametric fMRI study, Dev. Neuropsychol., 36, 741, 10.1080/87565641.2010.549867 Lancaster, 2007, Bias between MNI and Talairach coordinates analyzed using the ICBM-152 brain template, Hum. Brain Mapp., 28, 1194, 10.1002/hbm.20345 LeFevre, 2009, Home numeracy experiences and children’s math performance in the early school years, Can. J. Behav. Sci./Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 41, 55, 10.1037/a0014532 Libertus, 2009, Developmental changes in category-specific brain responses to numbers and letters in a working memory task, Neuroimage, 44, 1404, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.10.027 Luria, 1970, The functional organization of the brain, Sci. Am., 222, 66, 10.1038/scientificamerican0370-66 Luria, 1973 Lyons, 2012, When math hurts: math anxiety predicts pain network activation in anticipation of doing math, PLoS One, 7, 1, 10.1371/journal.pone.0048076 Mathur, 2014, The claustrum in review, Front. Syst. Neurosci., 8, 1, 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00048 McFarland, 1975, The behavioural final common path, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. (B), 270, 265 Meintjes, 2010, An FMRI study of number processing in children with fetal alcohol syndrome, Alcohol.: Clin. Exp. Res., 34, 1450 Meintjes, 2010, An fMRI study of magnitude comparison and exact addition in children, Magn. Reson. Imaging, 28, 351, 10.1016/j.mri.2009.11.010 Menon, 2000, Dissociating prefrontal and parietal cortex activation during arithmetic processing, Neuroimage, 12, 357, 10.1006/nimg.2000.0613 Metcalfe, 2013, Fractionating the neural correlates of individual work in memory components underlying arithmetic problem solving skills in children, Dev. Cog. Neurosci., 6, 162, 10.1016/j.dcn.2013.10.001 Moher, 2009, Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement, PLoS Med., 6, e1000097, 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097 Mondt, 2011, Neural differences in bilingual children’s arithmetic processing depending on language of instruction Mind, Brain Educ., 5, 79, 10.1111/j.1751-228X.2011.01113.x Naqvi, 2010, The insula and drug addiction: an interoceptive view of pleasure, urges, and decision-making, Brain Struct. Funct., 214, 435, 10.1007/s00429-010-0268-7 Niaz, 1993, Working memory: mental capacity and science education: towards an understanding of the ‘working memory overload hypothesis, Oxford Rev. Educ., 19, 511, 10.1080/0305498930190407 Oh, 2014, The role of the insula in speech and language processing, Brain Lang., 135, 96, 10.1016/j.bandl.2014.06.003 Park, 2012, The claustrum and insula in microcebus murinus: a high resolution diffusion imaging study, Front. Neuroanat., 6, 21, 10.3389/fnana.2012.00021 Park, 2014, Neural connectivity patterns underlying symbolic number processing indicate mathematical achievement in children, Dev. Sci., 17, 187, 10.1111/desc.12114 Pascual-Leone, 1994, Developmental measurement of mental attention, Int. J. Behav. Dev., 17, 161, 10.1177/016502549401700110 Pascual-Leone, 1991, The psychological unit and its role in task analysis: a reinterpretation of object permanence, 153 Pascual-Leone, 1999, A dialectical constructivist view of representation: role of mental attention, executives, and symbols, Dev. Ment. Represent.: Theor. Appl., 169 Pascual-Leone, 2004, Affect, self-motivation, and cognitive development: a dialectical constructivist view, 197 Pascual-Leone, 2005, A dialectical constructivist view of developmental intelligence, 177 Pascual-Leone, 2011, A developmental theory of mental attention: its application to measurement and task analysis, 13 Pascual-Leone, 2017, Organismic causal models ‘from within’ clarify developmental change and stages Pascual-Leone, 2010, Mental attention, multiplicative structures, and the causal problems of cognitive development, 49 Pascual-Leone, 2012, Logic: development of logical operations Pascual-Leone, 2015, Neuropsychology still needs to model organismic processes from within, Behav. Brain Sci., 38, 33, 10.1017/S0140525X14000983 Pascual-Leone, 1969 Pascual-Leone, 1970, A mathematical model for the transition rule in Piaget's developmental stages, Acta Psychol., 32, 301, 10.1016/0001-6918(70)90108-3 Pascual-Leone, 1989 Pascual-Leone, 1995, Learning and development as dialectical factors in cognitive growth, Hum. Dev., 38, 338, 10.1159/000278340 Pascual-Leone, 1996, Vygotsky, Piaget, and the problems of Plato, Swiss J. Psychol., 55, 84 Pascual-Leone, 2000, Mental attention, consciousness, and the progressive emergence of wisdom, J. Adult Dev., 7, 241, 10.1023/A:1009563428260 Pascual-Leone, 2014, Dialectics, 421 Peters, 2016, Brain activity during arithmetic in symbolic and non-symbolic formats in 9–12 year old children, Neuropsychologia, 86, 19, 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.04.001 Peterson, 1999, An fMRI study of Stroop word-color interference: evidence for cingulate subregions subserving multiple distributed attentional systems, Biol. Psychiatry, 45, 1237, 10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00056-6 Prado, 2014, Developmental dissociation in the neural responses to simple multiplication and subtraction problems, Dev. Sci., 17, 537, 10.1111/desc.12140 Price, 2013, Why mental arithmetic counts: brain activation during single digit arithmetic predicts high school math scores, J. Neurosci., 33, 156, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2936-12.2013 Qin, 2014, Hippocampal-neocortical functional reorganization underlies children's cognitive development, Nat. Neurosci., 17, 1263, 10.1038/nn.3788 Rivera, 2005, Developmental changes in mental arithmetic: evidence for increased functional specialization in the left inferior parietal cortex, Cereb. Cortex, 15, 1779, 10.1093/cercor/bhi055 Rosenberg-Lee, 2011, What difference does a year of schooling make? Maturation of brain response and connectivity between 2nd and 3rd grades during arithmetic problem solving, Neuroimage, 57, 796, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.05.013 Rottschy, 2012, Modelling neural correlates of working memory: a coordinate-based meta-analysis, Neuroimage, 60, 830, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.050 Rypma, 1999, Load dependent roles of frontal brain regions in the maintenance of working memory, Neuroimage, 9, 216, 10.1006/nimg.1998.0404 Shackman, 2011, The integration of negative affect, pain and cognitive control in the cingulate cortex, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 12, 154, 10.1038/nrn2994 Sherrington, 1906, Observations on the scratch-reflex in the spinal dog, J. Physiol., 34, 1, 10.1113/jphysiol.1906.sp001139 Simon, 2002, Topographical layout of hand, eye, calculation: and language-related areas in the human parietal lobe, Neuron, 33, 475, 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00575-5 Sokolowski, 2017, Common and distinct brain regions in both parietal and frontal cortex support symbolic and nonsymbolic number processing in humans: a functional neuroimaging meta-analysis, Neuroimage, 146, 376, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.10.028 Sridharan, 2008, A critical role for the right fronto-insular cortex in switching between central-executive and default-mode networks, PNAS, 105, 12569, 10.1073/pnas.0800005105 Thomas, 2004, Evidence of developmental differences in implicit sequence learning: an fMRI study of children and adults, J. Cogn. Neurosci., 16, 1339, 10.1162/0898929042304688 Torta, 2013, Parcellation of the cingulate cortex at rest and during tasks: a meta-analytic clustering and experimental study, Front. Hum. Neurosci., 275 Turkeltaub, 2002, Meta-analysis of the functional neuroanatomy of single-word reading: method and validation, Neuroimage, 16, 765, 10.1006/nimg.2002.1131 Turkeltaub, 2012, Minimizing within-experiment and within-group effects in activation likelihood estimation meta-analyses, Human Brain Mapp., 33, 1, 10.1002/hbm.21186 Uddin, 2009, The anterior insula in autism: under-connected and under-examined, Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 33, 1198, 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.06.002 Uddin, 2014, Beyond the tripartite cognition-emotion-interoception model of the human insular cortex, J. Cogn. Neurosci., 26, 16, 10.1162/jocn_a_00462 Vogel, 2015, Differential processing of symbolic numerical magnitude and order in first-grade children, J. Exp. Child Psychol., 129, 26, 10.1016/j.jecp.2014.07.010 Yu, 2010, Insula and striatum mediate the default bias, J. Neurosci., 30, 14702, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3772-10.2010 Zago, 2008, How verbal and spatial manipulation networks contribute to calculation: an fMRI study, Neuropsycholiga, 46, 2403, 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.03.001 Zhou, 2007, Dissociated brain organization for single-digit addition and multiplication, Neuroimage, 35, 871, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.12.017