Bottom-Up and Top-Down Processes in Emotion Generation

Psychological Science - Tập 20 Số 11 - Trang 1322-1331 - 2009
Kevin N. Ochsner1, Rebecca R. Ray2, Brent Hughes3, Kateri McRae4,4, Jeffrey C. Cooper4,4, Jochen Weber3, John D. E. Gabrieli5, James J. Gross4,4
1Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
2Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University
3Department of Psychology, Columbia University
4Department of Psychology, Stanford University
5Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tóm tắt

Emotions are generally thought to arise through the interaction of bottom-up and top-down processes. However, prior work has not delineated their relative contributions. In a sample of 20 females, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare the neural correlates of negative emotions generated by the bottom-up perception of aversive images and by the top-down interpretation of neutral images as aversive. We found that (a) both types of responses activated the amygdala, although bottom-up responses did so more strongly; (b) bottom-up responses activated systems for attending to and encoding perceptual and affective stimulus properties, whereas top-down responses activated prefrontal regions that represent high-level cognitive interpretations; and (c) self-reported affect correlated with activity in the amygdala during bottom-up responding and with activity in the medial prefrontal cortex during top-down responding. These findings provide a neural foundation for emotion theories that posit multiple kinds of appraisal processes and help to clarify mechanisms underlying clinically relevant forms of emotion dysregulation.

Từ khóa


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Psychological Science

Tập 20 Số 11

1322-1331

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