Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicity of Strychnos nux-vomica L.: A Review

American Journal of Chinese Medicine - Tập 46 Số 01 - Trang 1-23 - 2018
Rixin Guo1, Ting Wang1, Guohong Zhou2, Mengying Xu1,3, Xiankuo Yu1, Xiao Zhang1,3, Feng Sui1, Qing Li1, Liying Tang1,4, Zhuju Wang1,4
1Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave., Beijing 100700, P. R. China
2School of Chinese Material Medica, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, No. 321 Longdongbei Ave., Guangzhou 510520, P. R. China
3School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshuidong Ave., Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
4Tel: (+86) 10-6408-7609, Fax: (+86) 10-6408-7609

Tóm tắt

Strychnos nux-vomica L. belongs to the genus Strychnos of the family Loganiaceae and grows in Sri Lanka, India and Australia. The traditional medicinal component is its seed, called Nux vomica. This study provides a relevant and comprehensive review of S. nux-vomica L., including its botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology, thus providing a foundation for future studies. Up to the present day, over 84 compounds, including alkaloids, iridoid glycosides, flavonoid glycosides, triterpenoids, steroids and organic acids, among others, have been isolated and identified from S. nux-vomica. These compounds possess an array of biological activities, including effects on the nervous system, analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions, antitumor effects, inhibition of the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and regulation of immune function. Furthermore, toxicity and detoxification methods are preliminarily discussed toward the end of this review. In further research on S. nux-vomica, bioactivity-guided isolation strategies should be emphasized. Its antitumor effects should be investigated further and in vivo animal experiments should be performed alongside in vitro testing. The pharmacological activity and toxicology of strychnine [Formula: see text]-oxide and brucine [Formula: see text]-oxide should be studied to explore the detoxification mechanism associated with processing more deeply.

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American Journal of Chinese Medicine

Tập 46 Số 01

1-23

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